An analytical index for evaluating manufacturing cost and performance of low-pressure hollow fibre membrane systems

Water and waste-water treatment through the use of the membrane filtration technology is one of the processes utilized currently to meet the growing demand for water. While new technologies can harness water from various non-traditional sources such as oceans, there remains the possibility of making drinking water more expensive through the use of costly water treatment equipment. To prevent this and ensuing catastrophes in the world, the water industry needs a strategy that keeps the price of water and price of products aiding the treatment of water controlled in to the future.     

Life cycle cost modelling using marked point processes

This article presents a life cycle cost (LCC) model of a repairable system. The model is based on a marked point process and allows for non-constant failure intensity as well as stochastic nature of costs associated with system's failures. The model is applied to failure data from computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines.     

Transmission Electron Microscope Study of Antimony-Doped Zinc Oxide Ceramics

A transmission electron microscope investigation of a ZnO powder and low-temperature air-sintered pellets with small additions of Sb₂O₃ was conducted in order to study the thin Sb-rich film on the surfaces of ZnO particles. This film was found to be noncrystalline at temperatures below 700°C, and partially crystalline or completely crystalline above this temperature. An oriented overgrowth of the spinel Zn₇Sb₂O₁₂ was observed on the prismatic planes as well as on the basal planes of ZnO crystallites. It is shown that these coherently overgrown spinel films are responsible for the inhibition of grain growth at high temperatures.     

Anharmonic correction to the magnetization in a ferromagnet with two sublattices

The ferromagnet with two sublattices and different spins in each of them was analyzed both at low temperatures and in the high temperature range. At low temperatures the first anharmonic correction to the magnetization was found to be of the order T⁴. In the high temperature range the implicit expression for the magnetization was obtained, which can be solved only numerically.Department of Physics, University of Beograd, Beograd, Yugoslavia.Institute of Nuclear Science, B. Kidric, Vinca-Beograd, Beograd, Yugoslavia.Department of Physics, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Yugoslavia.     

Cooperative autonomous driving at the Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory

Griffith University's Intelligent Control Systems Laboratory collaborating with INRIA'S IMARA laboratory, completed what we believe is the first on-road demonstration of autonomous passenger vehicles performing cooperative passing and traversal of unsignalized intersections. (Unsignalized intersections have no traffic lights, stop signs, or yield signs to control traffic flow.) This demonstration mated ICSL's communication and collaborative decision-making subsystems with IMARA'S experimental vehicle platforms, creating autonomous vehicles capable of real-time cooperation in real-world applications. The article describes the experiment.     

Steps Toward Industry 5.0: Building “6S” Parallel Industries With Cyber-Physical-Social Intelligence

Very recently, intensive discussions and studies on Industry 5.0 have sprung up and caused the attention of researchers, entrepreneurs, and policymakers from various sectors around the world. However, there is no consensus on why and what is Industry 5.0 yet. In this paper, we define Industry 5.0 from its philosophical and historical origin and evolution, emphasize its new thinking on virtual-real duality and human-machine interaction, and introduce its new theory and technology based on parallel intelligence (PI), artificial societies, computational experiments, and parallel execution (the ACP method), and cyber-physical-social systems (CPSS). Case studies and applications of Industry 5.0 over the last decade have been briefly summarized and analyzed with suggestions for its future development. We believe that Industry 5.0 of virtual-real interactive parallel industries has great potentials and is critical for building smart societies. Steps are outlined to ensure a roadmap that would lead to a smooth transition from CPS-based Industry 4.0 to CPSS-based Industry 5.0 for a better world which is Safe in physical spaces, Secure in cyberspaces, Sustainable in ecology, Sensitive in individual privacy and rights, Service for all, and Smartness of all.

     

Improving Electricity Planning – Use of a Multicriteria Decision Making Model

Electricity supply planners are now expected to consider a wide range of supply and demand options to meet future power needs. The evaluation is also expected to consider multiple objectives in such diverse areas as quality of supply, cost, environmental and social impacts. Further, there are a range of views on the appropriated weightings for those various considerations. Traditional methods for determining choices are no longer adequate. This paper outlines the development of a powerful tool to facilitate a multiobjective-driven electricity planning process. The multicriteria decision making model allows the evaluation of options against a wide range of criteria, grouped in a hierarchical structure. A formalism for comparing options is explored, showing that the model allows a planner to compare the range of alternatives against both a desired level of performance and a minimum acceptable level. The architecture of a computer-based decision support system is briefly described.