Platelet aggregation inhibiting and anticoagulant effects of oligoamines, XX: 4,4',4'-(1,3,5)-benzene-tris-sydnone imines

The synthesis of ten tris-sydnone imine derivatives, unknown up to now, is described. All compounds are alkyl or arylalkyl substituted in 3-position of the sydnone imine. The most powerful agent was the 3-propyl derivative 6c. It inhibits the aggregation of human platelets induced by collagen in a concentration of 1 mumol/L half maximally. Its N-ethoxycarbonyl derivative 7c, which was designed as a prodrug, showed only small antithrombotic effects in rats. The reason for this low degree of activity is discussed.     

A behavioral analysis of effective teaching.

Characterizes classroom instruction (CRI) from a behavior analytic perspective. It is argued that effective teaching strategies also serve managerial functions through the development of stimulus control and the management of behavioral choice. The stimulus control properties of CRI are discussed, and research concerning the effects of antecedent events on children's academic performance is reviewed. A theory for predicting choices in behavior, known as matching theory, is presented that evolved out of experimental operant research. The characteristics of CRI that make it particularly suited to matching theory analysis are identified, and research applying matching theory to children's classroom behavior is reviewed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Eigenschaften,Anwendungsgebiete und physiko-chemische Untersuchungen von Polyethercarbonsäuren und ihren Salzen

Properties, Fields of Application and Physicochemical Research of Polyether Carbon Acids and their Salts There is a wide scope of application for polyether carbon acids as washing agents, detergents, body shampoos, emulsifiers for naphtha and as resources in the textile, printing, paper, plastic, metal and pharmaceutic industry because of the properties of these products, such as very good solubility even in aqueous inorganic salts solutions, indifference to hardness salts and hydrolysis, nontoxicity as well as a good soil-suspending power. A comprehensive compilation report of patents and scientific literature is presented in this paper. Relationships between the structure and the effect of selected polyether carboxylates are interpreted by own physicochemical research.     

Thermisch induzierter Abbau von Disaccharid-Amadori-Verbindungen in quasi wasserfreiem Reaktionsmilieu

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

A high-resolution burst-mode laser transmitter with fast and accurate level monitoring for 1.25 Gb/s upstream GPONs

An innovative burst-mode laser transmitter (BM-TX) is presented for gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) upstream transmission at 1.25 Gb/s. The laser bias and modulation current each can reach 80 mA with a resolution of 0.1 mA providing a total drive current up to 160 mA. Both currents are generated by 10-bit current steering digital-to-analog converters (DACs), the architecture of which is specially adapted to yield a monotonic current setting at settling times below 12.8 ns. Tests show that fast automatic power control (APC) can stabilize and track the launched optical power with a tolerance of less than 1 dB over a wide temperature range for outdoor operation. The APC only requires a straightforward calibration of the "0" and the "1" level at room temperature. Optical level monitoring on strings of four consecutive "0" bytes and two consecutive "1" bytes at 1.25 Gb/s is demonstrated. APC based on such short strings of data has not been shown before. The circuits have been designed in a 0.35 /spl mu/m SiGe BiCMOS process. Experimental results show that this dc-coupled BM-TX meets the specifications of the recently approved ITU-T Recommendation G.984.2 supporting an intelligent power leveling mechanism (PLM).     

The impact of CHP generation on CO2 emissions

The combined generation of heat and power (cogeneration) is praised by many as a technique for reducing the emissions of CO₂ in industrialized nations. This is generally true but not always. In this article we discuss the impact of some major variables on the CO₂ emission reduction capacity of cogeneration. Two sets of variables are predominant: the characteristics of the CHP process and the composition of the electricity generation sector. We highlight the interaction between the two sets of variables with the help of diagrams.     

Activating and inactivating mutations in LH receptors

In rats, galanin modulates luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons provide a possible source of this galanin. To understand galanin's physiological role in GnRH neurons, we used double-label in situ hybridization and computerized image analysis to examine the regulation of galanin message in GnRH neurons. We found that galanin gene expression in GnRH neurons is regulated by sex steroids, induced coincident with the LH surge, and persists well after the completion of the LH surge, and that the induction of galanin message in GnRH neurons coincident with the LH surge is sexually differentiated neonatally. We postulate that the rise in galanin gene expression in GnRH neurons at the time of the LH surge serves to replenish galanin released with GnRH that is needed for the production of the LH surge, or that galanin is involved in physiological events that occur subsequent to the LH surge.     

The effects of instructional match and content overlap on generalized reading performance

This study examined the effects of instructional match and content overlap on students' ability to generalize from passage reading instruction. Four students with mild disabilities served as participants. Using a multielement design, students were instructed with passages at two levels of text difficulty (instructionally matched vs. instructionally mismatched), and generalization was assessed with passages at two levels of similarity to those instructed (low vs. high content overlap). Results indicated that students' oral reading accuracy and fluency showed the greatest degree of generalization when instructional materials were matched to the students' skill level and assessment materials were similar to those used during instruction. Moreover, these results were maintained at 1-month follow-up. The implications of these findings for classroom reading instruction and the assessment of students' reading skills are discussed.