Technological and sensorial properties of liquid nitrogen ice cream enriched with protein from brewing waste (trub)

Debittered trub (brewing waste) is an important source of protein source (70.26%). Trub and whey protein were used for 5% protein enrichment of ice cream frozen by liquid nitrogen. Three formulations were elaborated: ice cream standard (ICS), ice cream with whey protein (ICW) and ice cream with trub (ICT). Chemical composition, rheological properties, texture, overrun, melting rate, scanning electron microscopy and a sensorial test were performed. Results showed that ICT presented a higher viscosity, obtained on the upward curve up to 6.76 Pa s⁻¹, consistency index (22.96 (Pa s⁻¹)ⁿ), hysteresis area (140.40 mPa s⁻¹) and hardness (31113.33 g) but a lower melting rate (0.38 g min⁻¹), overrun (13.92%) and sensorial acceptability than the other formulations. The addition of trub debittered for protein enrichment improved ice cream properties and demonstrated that it could be used as a food ingredient.     

Algorithmic Fairness in Mortgage Lending: from Absolute Conditions to Relational Trade-offs

Minds and Machines - To address the rising concern that algorithmic decision-making may reinforce discriminatory biases, researchers have proposed many notions of fairness and corresponding...     

Disorder Phenomena in Quantum Solids with Vacancies

Journal of Low Temperature Physics - We have investigated disorder phenomena in solid 4He near megting in presence of vacancies by means of Quantum Monte Carlo (MC) simulations using the Shadow...     

Comparison between photocatalytic ozonation and other oxidation processes for the removal of phenols from water

Photocatalytic ozonation (1O₃ + VUV + TiO₂), ozonation (O₃), catalytic ozonation (O₃ + TiO₂), ozone photolysis (O₃ + VUV), photocatalysis (TiO₂ + VUV) and photolysis (VUV) have been compared in terms of formation of intermediates, extent of, mineralization (TOC, COD, chloride, nitrate) and kinetics in the aqueous treatment of three phenols (phenol, p‐chlorophenol and p‐nitrophenol). In all cases, photocatalytic ozonation led to lower degradation times for chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon removal. Intermediates formed were similar in the different oxidation systems with some exceptions. They can be classified into three different types: polyphenols (resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone), unsaturated carboxylic acids (maleic and fumaric acids) and saturated carboxylic acids (glyoxylic, formic and oxalic acids). First order kinetic equations have been checked for the oxidation processes studied in the case of the parent compound. Rate constants of these systems have also been calculated. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(N-propionyl)iminoethylene

Summary The cationic polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline using CH₃I as initiator at different monomer/initiator ratios, temperatures, solvents and times of polymerization was carried out. The effect of these variables on the polymerization yield and viscosity of the polymers was studied. The poly(N-propionyl)iminoethylene was hydrolyzed in acid medium obtaining a linear poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). All the polymers were characterized by elemental analysis, IR,¹H NMR, and¹³C NMR spectroscopy.     

Metal complexing properties of water-soluble poly(N-maleyl glycine) studied by the liquid-phase polymer-based retention (LPR) technique

Summary The separation of various metal ions by the water-soluble N-maleyl glycine polymer in conjunction with membrane filtration was investigated. The method is based on the retention of inorganic ions by this polymer in a membrane filtration cell and subsequent separation of low-molecular-weight species from the polymer complex formed. It is shown that poly(N-maleyl glycine) can bind several metal ions in aqueous solution at pH 3. At higher pH, the water-soluble polymer can be applied to the separation and preconcentration of many metal ions. In addition, the maximum capacity values of the homopolymer for copper(II) were investigated and compared in the presence of various metal ions at different pHs.