The effects of particle size and food on the absolute bioavailability of U-78875 in dogs after oral administration of either a suspension or tablet dosage form were investigated. A reduction of particle size caused a significant increase in bioavailability along with an increase in dissolution rate. Additionally, both suspension and tablet dosage forms administered after food caused an increase in bioavailability. Thus, to accelerate drug dissolution, a reduction of U-78875 particle size from the unmilled state is important for the optimization of formulation compositions. To increase the bioavailability of U-78875, postprandial dosing should be considered. 相似文献
The incorporation of decatungstate in polymeric membranes provides new heterogeneous photocatalysts for the oxidation of organic
substrates under oxygen atmosphere at 25 °C. Photocatalytic membranes have been prepared yielding polymeric films with a high
thermal, chemical and mechanical stability (PVDF, PDMS, Hyflon). Surface spectroscopy techniques including transmittance and
reflectance UV-Vis and FT-IR have been used to assess the photocatalyst integrity within the polymeric support. Catalyst screening
has been performed under both homogeneous and heterogeneous photooxygenation conditions. The photocatalyst activity has been
evaluated in terms of the substrate conversion, turnover numbers, and recycling experiments. A membrane induced selectivity
behavior has been evidenced by comparison with homogeneous oxidations. 相似文献
We present controlled laboratory tests carried out to study corrosion effects due to induction currents on pipes embedded in environments with electrical resistance lateral discontinuities. Sacrificial anodes were connected to underground pipes, and corrosion rates were estimated by measuring the mass loss in each anode. We considered 1 Hz and 50 Hz inducting fields, and the effects produced on the pipes were compared with cases without an external field. The results indicated an increase in the corrosion rate when the pipe was under the effect of induction currents, particularly where there was a change of electrical resistance in the soil. 相似文献
In an era characterized by fast technological progress that introduces new unpredictable scenarios every day, working in the law field may appear very difficult, if not supported by the right tools. In this respect, some systems based on Artificial Intelligence methods have been proposed in the literature, to support several tasks in the legal sector. Following this line of research, in this paper we propose a novel method, called PRILJ, that identifies paragraph regularities in legal case judgments, to support legal experts during the redaction of legal documents. Methodologically, PRILJ adopts a two-step approach that first groups documents into clusters, according to their semantic content, and then identifies regularities in the paragraphs for each cluster. Embedding-based methods are adopted to properly represent documents and paragraphs into a semantic numerical feature space, and an Approximated Nearest Neighbor Search method is adopted to efficiently retrieve the most similar paragraphs with respect to the paragraphs of a document under preparation. Our extensive experimental evaluation, performed on a real-world dataset provided by EUR-Lex, proves the effectiveness and the efficiency of the proposed method. In particular, its ability of modeling different topics of legal documents, as well as of capturing the semantics of the textual content, appear very beneficial for the considered task, and make PRILJ very robust to the possible presence of noise in the data.
We report the deposition of Si-N films by multipulse excimer laser ( = 308 nm, FWHM = 30 ns) ablation of Si wafers placed in a slow flow of NH3 in the pressure range (1 bar-1 mbar). The films are deposited on to a Si collector placed parallel to the Si target. We succeeded in depositing pure amorphous Si3N4 films at a pressure of 1 mbar of NH3. The deposition rate reached a maximum value of 0.2–0.3 nm per pulse. At lower pressures, the deposited films consist of a fine mixture of three amorphous phases (amorphous stoichiometric silicon nitride, amorphous non-stoichiometric silicon nitride and amorphous silicon). The amorphous silicon is prevalent in films deposited at a pressure of several to several tens of bars. Droplets of polycrystalline -Si are sometimes visible on the film surface. The experimental evidence, is analysed with a view to elucidating the participation in the chemical synthesis of the three main stages of the process: the substance expulsion from the target by laser ablation, the transition through the gas of the expulsed substance and it's final impact on the collector. We conclude that silicon nitride is mostly synthesized during the impact on the collector of the flow of the ablated substance. 相似文献
The objective of the research described was to devise an efficient procedure to cryopreserve in vitro-matured bovine oocytes, using in vitro fertilization (IVF) and development of resultant zygotes into blastocysts as criteria of oocyte survival. Oocytes at metaphase II were found to be extremely sensitive to chilling. Cooling them to O degrees C for as little as 5 sec significantly decreased their capability to cleave and develop further after IVF; after 80 sec at 0 degrees C, only approximately 10% of chilled oocytes developed into blastocysts. Oocytes were also adversely affected by brief exposures to 4 M and 5.5 M ethylene glycol (EG) solutions supplemented with sucrose; after being suspended in either of these EG solutions in plastic straws and plunged directly into liquid nitrogen (LN2), few of the oocytes were fertilized and developed. To "outrace" chilling injury, oocytes contained in < 1 microliter of EG solution were placed onto electron microscope grids and plunged directly into N2 slush or LN2. After such ultra-rapidly cooled oocytes were warmed, 30% of them cleaved after IVF, and half of these developed into blastocysts-- survival rates equivalent to those for oocytes that had been exposed to EG without any cooling. This method offers promise as a novel way to cryopreserve bovine oocytes. 相似文献
It is well known that the main difficulties of the algorithms based on backpropagation are the susceptibility to local minima and the slow adaptivity to the patterns during the training. In this paper, we present a class of algorithms, which overcome the above difficulties by utilizing some "direct" numerical methods for the computation of the matrices of weights. In particular, we investigate the performances of the FBFBK-LSB (least-squares backpropagation) algorithms and iterative conjugate gradient singular-value decomposition (ICGSVD), respectively, introduced by Barmann and Biegler-Konig (1993) and by the authors. Numerical results on several benchmark problems show a major reliability and/or efficiency of our algorithm ICGSVD. 相似文献