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1.
The diffusion coefficient of the cationic dye Anilana Red BL in the anionically modified polyester fiber Dilana has been calculated regarding a general diffusion-immobilization model. In the model the mobile species are distinguished from the immobilized ones. In computations of Sand's equation and experimentally determined sorption isotherm of the dye in the fiber, the rate-of-dyeing curve and the concentration profiles of the dye in the same fiber were employed. The diffusion coefficient of the mobile species of Anilana Red BL in the fiber is two orders of magnitude higher than the average diffusion coefficient obtained from Hill's equation and the apparent diffusion coefficient calculated by the Boltzmann–Matano method. 相似文献
2.
Elaboration of small‐diameter vascular prostheses—Selection of appropriate sterilisation method
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Olga Chrzanowska Marcin Henryk Struszczyk Izabella Krucinska Michał Puchalski Lucyna Herczyńska Michał Chrzanowski 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2014,131(18)
The aim of study is the elaboration of semi‐biodegradable, multilayered tubular structures as substitutes for the reconstruction of small diameter vascular prostheses (<6 mm). The inert external layer of the prostheses will be fabricated via the melt electrospinning of poly (l ‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA). The middle layer will be constructed from polypropylene (PP); the first prototype will be produced via melt electrospinning and the second using the melt blowing technique. The general aim of this stage of the research is the selection of a sterilisation technique that is appropriate for semi‐biodegradable, multilayered tubular structures. For this purpose, single tubular structures created via the melt electrospinning of PLGA or PP and melt blown tubular structures of PP were elaborated. The influence of steam, ethylene‐oxide (EO), and radiation sterilisation techniques on the elaborated microstructure of tubular structures was analyzed during this study. The effect of each sterilisation technique was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy/energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis (SEM/EDS). The changes in average molecular weight (Mw) and crystallinity index (CI) of the PLGA tubular structures after EO and steam sterilisation were evaluated. The EO and steam sterilisation resulted in the complete destruction of PLGA tubular structures. Only the radiation sterilisation (accelerated electrons) did not influence on PLGA tubular structures morphology as well as thermal and chemical properties. FTIR and SEM/EDS analysis indicated that no changes in the chemical properties of PP tubular structures after each sterilisation occurred. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40812. 相似文献
3.
Wanda ankowska-Jasiska Katarzyna Ostrowska 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》1991,333(4):619-624
3-Benzoyl-2,4,5-pyrrolidinetrione ( 1a , b ) with aliphatic diamines, phenylhydrazine, semicarbazide, and guanidine derivatives yields mono and binary salts ( 4 , 7 , 10 , 11 - 14 ), enamines ( 2 , 3 ), imine ( 5 ), pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole ( 6 ) and pyrrolo [3,4-e][1,4]diazepine ( 8 ), respectively. The influence of the reagents basicity on the route of cyclocondensation is studied. 相似文献
4.
E. Zygad?o-Monikowska Z. Florjańczyk K. S?u?ewska J. Ostrowska N. Langwald A. Tomaszewska 《Journal of power sources》2010,195(18):6055-73
The simple reaction of trialkoxyborates with butyllithium resulted in the obtaining of new lithium borate salts: Li{[CH3(OCH2CH2)nO]3BC4H9}, containing oxyethylene substituents (EO) of n = 1, 2, 3 and 7. Salts of n ≥ 2 show properties of room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) of low glass transition temperature, Tg of the order from −70 to −80 °C. The ionic conductivity of the salts depends on the number of EO units, the highest conductivity is shown by the salt with n = 3; in bulk its ambient temperature conductivity is 2 × 10−5 S cm−1 and in solution in cyclic propylene sulfite or EC/PC mixture, conductivity increases by an order of magnitude. Solid polymer electrolytes with borate salts over a wide concentration range, from 10 to 90 mol.% were obtained and characterized. Three types of polymeric matrices: poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) and two copolymers of acrylonitrile and butyl acrylate p(AN-BuA) were used in them as polymer matrices. It has been found that for systems of low salt concentration (10 mol.%) the best conducting properties were shown by solid polymer electrolytes with PEO, whereas for systems of high salt concentration, of the polymer-in-salt type, good results were achieved for PTMC as polymer matrix. 相似文献
5.
E. Zygadło-Monikowska Z. Florjańczyk P. Kubisa T. Biedroń W. Sadurski A. Puczyłowska N. Langwald J. Ostrowska 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
In this study, new electrolytes for Li-ion batteries in the form of lithium salt solutions in room temperature imidazolium ionic liquids (RTIL) are reported. The ionic liquids applied, for higher reduction potential stability, were substituted at position C2 with oligooxyethylene groups of various length ([Im nEO]+X−; where: n = 0, 3, 7, 20 and X = Cl, BF4, N(CF3SO2)2). It was found that they are good solvents for lithium salts (LiBF4, LiN(CF3SO2)2, {[CH3(OCH2CH2)3O]3BC4H9}Li) forming liquid solutions of low glass transition temperature (Tg in the −70 to −40 °C range). Ionic conductivity depends on the length of oxyethylene substituent in Im nEO and on the concentration of the salt applied, for 10 mol%, σRT is of the order of 10−4 S cm−1. On the basis of polarization measurements by the variable-current method, the proportion of lithium cations in electric charge transfer (t+) has been determined. The values obtained (typical for ionic liquids) are low and depend on n and lithium salt concentration but do not exceed a dozen or so percent. 相似文献
6.
Ewa Jakubczyk Ewa Ostrowska‐Ligeza Ewa Gondek 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2010,45(12):2515-2523
The aim of this study was to characterise the influence of different foam‐mat‐drying methods on the moisture sorption characteristics and glass transition temperatures of apple puree powder. Apple puree was foamed with the addition of 2.5% egg albumin and 0.5% methylcellulose. Convective air‐drying and microwave‐drying techniques were used. Also foamed puree with and without maltodextrin (6% or 15% w/w) was freeze‐dried. Moisture equilibrium data of powders were determined by using a static desiccator method in a water activity range of 0.0–0.903. Modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) was used to obtain the glass transition temperature. No effect of drying method on sorption properties and glass transition temperatures of apple puree powders was observed. The addition of maltodextrin to the apple puree caused an increase in Tg by 10–30 °C depending on the amount of incorporated additive. Addition of maltodextrin significantly reduced the hygroscopicity of apple puree powders. 相似文献
7.
Lucyna Iberhan Maciej Winiewski 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2003,78(6):659-665
Extraction of arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) from sulfuric acid solution was studied. Cyanex® 923, Cyanex® 925, dialkyldithiophosphinic acids (Cyanex® 301), hydrophobic glycol (2‐ethylhexane‐1,3‐diol), and hydroxamic acids were used as extractants. The efficiency of extraction depended on extractant, diluent, valency of arsenic, and sulfuric acid concentration. Acidic reagents extracted As(III) better than As(V), while the opposite order of extraction efficiency was observed for the solvating extractants. The use of an aromatic diluent (toluene) was preferred. Toluene was found to be a better diluent for the Cyanex® 923 and Cyanex® 925 than Exxsol D 220/230 and octane. In the case of neo‐decanohydroxamic acids, the type of diluent had no significant effect on extraction of arsenic. The extraction of both As(III) and As(V) increased when the concentration of the sulfuric acid in the feed increased. The co‐extraction of sulfuric acid was observed. The extraction with hydroxamic acids was significantly slower in comparison to the extraction with other reagents. Extractant: arsenic species: sulfuric acid molar ratios were determined and they confirmed the composition of extracted species. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
8.
Lucyna Dymińska Maciej Calik Abduladhim Moamer M. Albegar Adam Zając Kamil Kostyń Jadwiga Lorenc 《International Journal of Food Properties》2017,20(9):2003-2015
Thirteen edible oils: sunflower, avocado, hemp, high-linolenic flax, low-linolenic flax, safflower, walnut, roasted sesame, rice, corn, rapeseed, pumpkin seed, and hazel were studied in this work. Their fatty acid composition, iodine, acidic, peroxide, and saponification values were determined. Infrared and Raman spectra of the oils were recorded in the range 400–3200 cm?1. The integral intensities of the bands at about 1655 and 2852 cm?1 corresponding to ν(C=C) and ν(CH2) vibrations were evaluated and used to construct a relationship between the spectroscopic data and the iodine value. The following linear dependencies were obtained: Iν(C=C)/Iν(CH2) = 7.449 × 10?4 × iodine value – 0.0339 and Iν(C=C)/Iν(CH2) = 9.299 × 10?4 × iodine value – 0.023 for the infrared and Raman spectra with a correlation coefficient 0.988 and 0.976, respectively. These calibration lines can be used to determine the iodine value for oils with unknown unsaturation level, and may be applied for margarines and other fatty materials. 相似文献
9.
10.
Artur Mielcarek Wojciech Janczukowicz Kamila Ostrowska Tomasz Jóźwiak Izabella Kłodowska Joanna Rodziewicz Marcin Zieliński 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2013,119(4):242-250
This study reports results of respirometric measurements of activated sludge biodegrading the substrate in wastewater originating from the following brewery plant production departments: malt house, brewhouse, fermentation house and racking house. The process was conducted at two temperatures: 10 and 20°C with activated sludge adapted to brewery wastewaters. The loading of activated sludge reached 0.25 g chemical oxygen demand per gram dry matter per day, which assured complete degradation of organic matter. The physicochemical characteristics of the wastewaters are provided. The study demonstrates a correlation between the site of wastewater generation, the specific character of a unitary technological process and the quality of the wastewater discharged to the sewage system, including biodegradability. Despite significant differences in the quality of the wastewaters, they were characterized by high biodegradability at a temperature of 10 and 20°C and by the C:N:P ratio being beneficial for biological treatment, irrespective of their source of origin. Copyright © 2013 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling 相似文献