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1.
Ly Thi Thanh Le Lukasz Kotula Kadambot H. M. Siddique Timothy D. Colmer 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
Grain legumes are important crops, but they are salt sensitive. This research dissected the responses of four (sub)tropical grain legumes to ionic components (Na+ and/or Cl−) of salt stress. Soybean, mungbean, cowpea, and common bean were subjected to NaCl, Na+ salts (without Cl−), Cl− salts (without Na+), and a “high cation” negative control for 57 days. Growth, leaf gas exchange, and tissue ion concentrations were assessed at different growing stages. For soybean, NaCl and Na+ salts impaired seed dry mass (30% of control), more so than Cl− salts (60% of control). All treatments impaired mungbean growth, with NaCl and Cl− salt treatments affecting seed dry mass the most (2% of control). For cowpea, NaCl had the greatest adverse impact on seed dry mass (20% of control), while Na+ salts and Cl− salts had similar intermediate effects (~45% of control). For common bean, NaCl had the greatest adverse effect on seed dry mass (4% of control), while Na+ salts and Cl− salts impaired seed dry mass to a lesser extent (~45% of control). NaCl and Na+ salts (without Cl−) affected the photosynthesis (Pn) of soybean more than Cl− salts (without Na+) (50% of control), while the reverse was true for mungbean. Na+ salts (without Cl−), Cl− salts (without Na+), and NaCl had similar adverse effects on Pn of cowpea and common bean (~70% of control). In conclusion, salt sensitivity is predominantly determined by Na+ toxicity in soybean, Cl− toxicity in mungbean, and both Na+ and Cl− toxicity in cowpea and common bean. 相似文献
2.
Prithima R. Mosaly Hua Guo Lukasz Mazur 《International journal of human-computer interaction》2013,29(20):1883-1891
ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to assess the relationship of task difficulty and mental effort with performance during physicians’ interaction with electronic health records (EHRs). A total of 38 physicians were asked to identify abnormal results and take follow-up action to “close the loop” on care delivery. Task difficulty was quantified via task-flow strategies and computer mouse-click patterns. Mental effort was quantified using eye movements based on changes in pupillary dilations (task evoked pupillary response or TEPR) and blink rate. Performance was quantified based on commission errors (error vs. no-error). Results indicated that physicians had different task-flow strategies; however, with improved awareness of the patient status, they exhibited an optimal task-flow strategy. Overall, performance was related to task-flow strategies, computer mouse-click patterns, and blink rate, indicating that physicians had lower task-difficulty and experienced lower mental effort with improved awareness of patient follow-up status. This is an important finding demonstrating that task-flows are a dominant predictor of physician performance when comparing between EHR designs. On the contrary, mouse-click patterns and blink rate are both useful predictors of physician performance when assessment was done within an EHR. 相似文献
3.
Marzanna Ksiazek Maria Richert Aam Tchorz Lukasz Boron 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2012,21(5):690-695
There is a growing interest in metal-ceramic bonding for wide range of applications in electronic devices and high technology
industry for fabrication of metal matrix composites and bonding of ceramic components to metals. The object of the work was
to study the effect of Ti, Nb, and Ti + Nb thin films deposited by PVD method on alumina substrates on structure and bond
strength properties of Al/Al2O3 joints. The joints were fabricated using the results of a wetting experiment and the sessile drop method at a temperature
of 1223 K in a vacuum of 0.2 MPa for 30 min of contact. The structure of the metal/ceramic interface was investigated using
scanning electron microscopy. The elemental distribution at the metal-ceramic interface was analyzed using energy dispersive
x-ray spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy was also used to investigate some aspects of the metal/ceramic interface.
The bond strength properties of joints were measured using shear test. The shear strength results demonstrated significant
improvement of shear strength of Al/Al2O3 joints due to the application of Ti + Nb thin film on alumina substrate. Microstructural investigations of the interface
indicated that Al/coating/Al2O3 couples have diffusion transition interface which influences the strengthening of these joints. A conclusion could be drawn
that the presence of thin film layers changes the character of interaction and leads to the formation of new reaction products
in the bonding layer. 相似文献
4.
Lukasz Pietrzak Przemyslaw Sowinski Joanna Bojda Ewa Piorkowska Andrzej Galeski 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2016,133(28)
We hypothesized that polymer crystal anisotropy is advantageous for toughening of polymer composites involving easy slip network of oriented crystalline layers around filler particles. To this end, composites of syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP) with high concentration of submicrometer calcium carbonate particles were prepared and examined because usual sPP crystals exhibit high packing anisotropy. The specific orientation of sPP lamellae around chalk grains was found, which is supposed to facilitate the plastic deformation of polymer matrices. The compression molded bars of the composite exhibited markedly higher Izod impact strength than those of neat sPP. Toughening was even enhanced in the injection molded composite, for which 4.5‐fold increase in the impact strength was achieved. Injection‐induced orientation of the disordered form I sPP crystals was enhanced in the composite. The injection molded tensile specimens exhibited also a good drawability. Debonding at chalk–sPP interface occurred both during the impact and tensile tests facilitating the plastic deformation of sPP matrix. Chalk did not have any significant influence on the thermal properties of the composites but it affected the rheological behavior, increasing the loss and storage moduli, and the viscosity. Highly filled sPP composite exhibited solid‐like behavior in a molten state with the storage modulus exceeding the loss modulus in the entire frequency range. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43651. 相似文献
5.
Rafal M. Molak Krystian Paradowski Tomasz Brynk Lukasz Ciupinski Zbigniew Pakiela Krzysztof J. Kurzydlowski 《International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping》2009,86(1):43-47
The aim of this study was to measure the mechanical properties of weld material taken from a single weld bead laid down on a 316L steel plate. Due to the low available volume of weld material, microsamples with a total length of 5.5 mm were used. The Digital Image Correlation method (DIC), which enables measurement of mechanical properties of very small samples, was employed for the strain measurements in a uniaxial tensile test. Samples were cut out from three different zones of the specimen: plate, weld, and the heat affected zone. The material from heat affected zone showed the highest value of the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) (580 ± 7 MPa) and yield strength (339 ± 6 MPa). Plate material had lower UTS (559 ± 5 MPa) and yield strength (304 ± 7 MPa). The lowest values of UTS (526 ± 6 MPa) and yield strength (291 ± 8 MPa) have been revealed for the weld. The values obtained for UTS, yield strength and elongation to failure for the plate material were compared with data obtained using standard test specimens. No significant differences between results obtained for the microsamples and standard samples have been found. 相似文献
6.
Lukasz A Kurgan Krzysztof J Cios Scott Dick 《IEEE transactions on systems, man, and cybernetics. Part B, Cybernetics》2006,36(1):32-53
Business intelligence and bioinformatics applications increasingly require the mining of datasets consisting of millions of data points, or crafting real-time enterprise-level decision support systems for large corporations and drug companies. In all cases, there needs to be an underlying data mining system, and this mining system must be highly scalable. To this end, we describe a new rule learner called DataSqueezer. The learner belongs to the family of inductive supervised rule extraction algorithms. DataSqueezer is a simple, greedy, rule builder that generates a set of production rules from labeled input data. In spite of its relative simplicity, DataSqueezer is a very effective learner. The rules generated by the algorithm are compact, comprehensible, and have accuracy comparable to rules generated by other state-of-the-art rule extraction algorithms. The main advantages of DataSqueezer are very high efficiency, and missing data resistance. DataSqueezer exhibits log-linear asymptotic complexity with the number of training examples, and it is faster than other state-of-the-art rule learners. The learner is also robust to large quantities of missing data, as verified by extensive experimental comparison with the other learners. DataSqueezer is thus well suited to modern data mining and business intelligence tasks, which commonly involve huge datasets with a large fraction of missing data. 相似文献
7.
Moment stability for linear systems with a nonwhite parametric noise is considered. A method of reduction of the study of this stability to the study of stability for large-scale matrices is proposed. Mean square stability diagrams for random harmonic oscillator are presented. 相似文献
8.
Lukasz G. Szafaryn Todd Gamblin Bronis R. de Supinski Kevin Skadron 《Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing》2013
The increasing computational needs of parallel applications inevitably require portability across parallel architectures, which now include heterogeneous processing resources, such as CPUs and GPUs, and multiple SIMD/SIMT widths. However, the lack of a common parallel programming paradigm that provides predictable, near-optimal performance on each resource leads to the use of low-level frameworks with architecture-specific optimizations, which in turn cause the code base to diverge and makes porting difficult. Our experiences with parallel applications and frameworks lead us to the conclusion that achieving performance portability requires a common set of high-level directives and efficient mapping onto each architecture. 相似文献
9.
Stephen L. Lapointe Lukasz L. Stelinski Terence J. Evens Randall P. Niedz David G. Hall Agenor Mafra-Neto 《Journal of chemical ecology》2009,35(8):896-903
Experimental designs developed to address mixtures are suited ideally to many areas of experimental biology, including pheromone
blend studies, because such designs address the confounding of proportionality and concentration intrinsic to factorial and
one-factor-at-a-time designs. Geometric multivariate designs coupled with response surface modeling allowed us to identify
optimal blends of a two-component pheromone for attraction and trap disruption of the leafminer moth, Phyllocnistis citrella, a major pest in citrus growing areas around the world. Field trials confirmed that the natural 3:1 blend of (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal:(Z,Z)-7,11-hexadecadienal was most effective as an attractant for male moths. However, the response surface generated in mating
orientation trials revealed that the triene component alone was more effective than the natural blend in disrupting trap catch.
Each individual component was effective at disrupting orientation in field trials, but (Z,Z,E)-7,11,13-hexadecatrienal was approximately 13 times more effective, at the same concentration, compared with (Z,Z)-7,11-hexadecadienal alone. In addition, the application of geometric design and response surface modeling to field studies
provided insight into a possible mechanism of mating disruption and supported sensory imbalance as the operating mechanism
for this species. 相似文献
10.
Lukasz Drewniak Robert Stasiuk Witold Uhrynowski Aleksandra Sklodowska 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(7):14409-14427
The purpose of this study was a detailed characterization of Shewanella sp. O23S, a strain involved in arsenic transformation in ancient gold mine waters contaminated with arsenic and other heavy metals. Physiological analysis of Shewanella sp. O23S showed that it is a facultative anaerobe, capable of growth using arsenate, thiosulfate, nitrate, iron or manganite as a terminal electron acceptor, and lactate or citrate as an electron donor. The strain can grow under anaerobic conditions and utilize arsenate in the respiratory process in a broad range of temperatures (10–37 °C), pH (4–8), salinity (0%–2%), and the presence of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Se, V and Zn). Under reductive conditions this strain can simultaneously use arsenate and thiosulfate as electron acceptors and produce yellow arsenic (III) sulfide (As2S3) precipitate. Simulation of As-removal from water containing arsenate (2.5 mM) and thiosulfate (5 mM) showed 82.5% efficiency after 21 days of incubation at room temperature. Based on the obtained results, we have proposed a model of a microbially mediated system for self-cleaning of mine waters contaminated with arsenic, in which Shewanella sp. O23S is the main driving agent. 相似文献