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1.
In this paper we report new results of our continuous effort on analyzing the impact of incentive mechanisms on user behavior
in BitTorrent. In this second measurement and analysis study we find that free riders’ population has significantly increased
comparing to our previous measurement study. We relate this increase to the advance in end-users’ connection speeds and to
users’ increased knowledge in BitTorrent. We also categorize free riders based on the behavior they exhibit in multiple-torrent
system into three types: cheaters, strategic and lucky peers. Furthermore, refuting the findings of other studies, we show
that peers who exploit the system in BitTorrent are both high bandwidth capacity peers and low bandwidth capacity peers. Moreover,
we argue that the Tit-for-Tat mechanism does not discriminate peers based on their bandwidth capacities and that it reacts
successfully against inter-class bandwidth capacity strategic peers. Finally, we propose a memory-backoff approach to the
optimistic unchoke policy that reduces the volume of free riding in BitTorrent.
Manaf Zghaibeh is a PhD candidate at Stevens Institute of Technology, focusing on P2P economics. He holds a Master’s Degree in Telecommunications Management from Stevens and a Bachelor’s Degree in Electrical Engineering from Damascus University. He has been a teaching assistant at NYU since 2002. Fotios Harmantzis is an Assistant Professor at the School of Technology Management at Stevens Institute of Technology. He holds a B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Computer Science from the University of Crete, a MSE in Systems Engineering from the University of Pennsylvania, a Finance MBA from Toronto/NYU, and a PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Toronto. Dr. Harmantzis’ research and teaching interests include mathematics of finance and risk, valuations of investments under uncertainty and economics of IT and telecom. His research work has been presented in several scientific conferences and journals. He has professional experience in the US, Canada and Europe, in the financial services, asset management and consulting business. 相似文献
Fotios C. Harmantzis (Corresponding author)Email: |
Manaf Zghaibeh is a PhD candidate at Stevens Institute of Technology, focusing on P2P economics. He holds a Master’s Degree in Telecommunications Management from Stevens and a Bachelor’s Degree in Electrical Engineering from Damascus University. He has been a teaching assistant at NYU since 2002. Fotios Harmantzis is an Assistant Professor at the School of Technology Management at Stevens Institute of Technology. He holds a B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Computer Science from the University of Crete, a MSE in Systems Engineering from the University of Pennsylvania, a Finance MBA from Toronto/NYU, and a PhD in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Toronto. Dr. Harmantzis’ research and teaching interests include mathematics of finance and risk, valuations of investments under uncertainty and economics of IT and telecom. His research work has been presented in several scientific conferences and journals. He has professional experience in the US, Canada and Europe, in the financial services, asset management and consulting business. 相似文献
2.
Mahdiar Ghadiry Asrulnizam Bin Abd Manaf Mahdieh Nadi Meisam Rahmani M.T. Ahmadi 《Microelectronics Reliability》2012,52(7):1396-1400
A semi-analytical model for impact ionization coefficient of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) is presented. The model is derived by calculating probability of electrons reaching ionization threshold energy Et and the distance travelled by electron gaining Et. In addition, ionization threshold energy is semi-analytically modelled for GNR. During modelling, we justify our assumptions using analytical modelling and comparison with simulation. Furthermore, it is shown that conventional silicon models are not valid for calculation of ionization coefficient of GNR. Finally, the profile of ionization is presented using the proposed models and the results are compared with that of silicon. 相似文献
3.
Shojae Chaeikar Saman Zamani Mazdak Abdul Manaf Azizah Bt Zeki Akram M. 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2018,77(1):805-835
Multimedia Tools and Applications - Steganography is the art and science of producing covert communications by concealing secret messages in apparently innocent media, while steganalysis is the art... 相似文献
4.
Little is known concerning the effects of essential oils (EOs) against lactic acid bacteria (LAB), either of the human gastrointestinal microflora or those involved in industrial processes. GC and GC/MS analysis of Melaleuca armillaris EO resulted in the identification of 68 compounds comprising 99.6% of the oil. Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) was the major compound (68.9%) and the composition was largely dominated by the oxygenated monoterpenes fraction (77.3%). The anti-LAB activities of the EO were first checked by the disc diffusion assay. In a second phase, time-survival kinetics of each strain incubated with increasing concentrations of the EO (0.25, 2.5, 5 and 25 μg/ml) were established using an automated microtiter assay (Bioscreen C). Bacteriostatic or bactericidal effects were noticed depending on the studied strain and on the applied concentration of the EO. The mathematical modelling of the kinetics showed that in presence of increasing concentrations of M. armillaris EO, the lag phases of growth were extended (0.69%–97.5%) and both the growth rate and final cell density were reduced. Variations depending on the strain were noticed. 相似文献
5.
Abdul Manaf Hashim Seiya Kasai Kouichi Iizuka Tamotsu Hashizume Hideki Hasegawa 《Microelectronics Journal》2007,38(12):1268-1272
Theoretical analysis of potential distribution in the interdigital-gated high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) plasma wave device was carried out. The dc I–V characteristics of capacitively coupled interdigital structure showed that uniformity of electric field under the interdigital gates was improved compared to the dc-connected interdigital gate structure. Admittance measurements of capacitively coupled interdigital gate structure in the microwave region of 10–40 GHz showed the conductance modulation by drain–source voltage. These results indicate the existence of plasma wave interactions. 相似文献
6.
Users in Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks tend to exploit the maximum resources they are able to obtain, offering minimum resources
in response. This behavior undermines the goal of P2P systems in spreading files through the network and imposes the concept
of free-riding. In this paper we propose a Lottery-based pricing mechanism to enhance the sharing level in P2P networks and
help increase the number of objects disseminated. The scheme is an extension of the traditional micropayment mechanism. Our
scheme provides higher payoff for peers who contribute to the P2P network and higher cost for peers who act selfishly and
choose not to share resources. We present simulation results to demonstrate the performance of the proposed mechanism. 相似文献
7.
8.
Muhammad Tuseef Asghar Yus Aniza Yusof Mohd Noriznan Mohammad Effendy Yaacob Hasanah Mohd Ghazali Lee Sin Chang Yanty Noorzianna Manaf 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2020,55(7):2762-2770
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) sugar is a more nutritious alternative sugar source as compared to sugar palm (Borassus flabellifer) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). This work was aimed to investigate the browning index (BI), vitamin profile and antioxidant properties of coconut sap sugar syrups, which were produced by different processing methods: rotary evaporation (RE), microwave evaporation (ME) and open-heat evaporation (OHE). The results obtained showed that coconut sugar syrup produced by RE-60 contained high antioxidant activities [DPPH (36.71%) and ABTS (34.84%), TPC (299.87 mg per 100 g sample) and FRAP (3.74 mm )]. These values were slightly lower than those of ME and OHE. Coconut sugar syrup (RE-60) also contained higher amounts of vitamin C (1587.27 mg L−1), vitamin B1 (97.44 mg L−1) and vitamin B3 (19.84 mg L−1) compared with those of ME and OHE coconut sugar syrups. RE-60 was the best method to produce coconut sugar syrup in a shorter time with lower browning index and higher vitamin contents. 相似文献
9.
The transient switching delay in a micro/nano-scale circuit containing resistive and reactive elements are sternly affected by the surge in the resistance arising from sub-linear current-voltage (I-V) characteristics limited by the velocity and current saturation. The saturation arises due to the realignment of randomly oriented velocity vectors to the unidirectional streamlined ones in a high electric field when voltage applied across a resistor exceeds its decreasing critical value with reduced channel length. The frequency response f = 1/2πτt is affected by a transit time delay τt is lower than that predicted from the application of Ohm’s law. The resistance surge dramatically boosts the RC time constant and switching delay and attenuates the L/R time constant and switching delay. 相似文献
10.
The radiation stability of the pre-irradiated copolymer of polypropylene containing 2.5 wt.-% ethylene units is compared with a copolymer of polypropylene with a nucleating agent with regard to radiation sterilization of medical devices. It is found that transparency property of the propylene-ethylene copolymer is improved through pre-irradiation processes. This finding was compared with the co-polypropylene with nucleating agent which also gives a better transparency property. In comparison, it is found that pre-irradiated copolymer exhibits better radiation stability during irradiation and during storage after irradiation. The radiation stability of the pre-irradiated copolymer is due to its lower crystallinity caused by the formation of branches during the pre-irradiation process. 相似文献