Dry beans of Phaseolus. A review. Part 2. Chemical composition: carbohydrates, fiber, minerals, vitamins, and lipids

Beans of Phaseolus are an important food crop both economically and nutritionally, and are cultivated and consumed worldwide. With ever rising costs of meats and fresh fruits and vegetables, dry beans are expected to contribute more to the human nutrition in coming years. Traditionally, they have been referred to as "poor man's meat" and have contributed significantly to the diets of many people of several countries in Asia, Africa, Middle East, and South America. In recent years, a renewed interest in bean research in Western European countries and the U.S. is evident. In this review, certain biochemical, technological, nutritional, and toxicological aspects are discussed and the limitations and problems associated with dry beans of Phaseolus as human food are addressed.     

Irregular, unknown light sources in dynamic global illumination

The goal in global illumination solutions for dynamic environments is to update a scene based on past scenes. For this difficult problem, current state of the art solutions are either not applicable, or unduly complex, when there are large changes in the illumination of unbounded number of objects. Such changes may be caused by the appearance of unexpected (at modeling time), irregular light sources.

We define a subset of dynamic environments in which new light sources may be user introduced, and implement solutions that complement existing schemes.     

采用SC70封装的LED驱动器用单节锂离子电池驱动6个白光LED

引言 在蜂窝电话、PDA和便携式GPS等由电池供电的便携式产品中,高度集成的LT3491可为驱动背光照明电路组成简单和紧凑的解决方案。该器件具有内部补偿电路、LED开路保护功能、一个32V电源开关和一个32V肖特基二极管,而其封装却是纤巧的SC70。     

Computation of feed-paths for casting solidification using level-set-method

The aim of the present work is to compute feed-paths and hot-spots by combining level-set-method based sharp interface and feed-path model. The model is based on the solution of energy and level-set equations in solid and liquid, with Stefan condition on the interface. The energy and level-set equation are discretized using finite-volume and finite-difference method, respectively. Feed-path is computed by tracking mass-less particles along the liquid-solid interface during solidification using combined Eulerian-Lagrangian framework. The proposed model is benchmarked on six test cases, where temperature contours and solidification time are compared with a finite-element-method based commercial software. The capability to predict the temporal evolution of interface and to identify multiple hot-spots is validated with an industrial aluminum-alloy lug casting. The numerical as well as experimental validations demonstrate the effectiveness of level-set-method for feed-path calculation.     

Evidence of low-symmetry phases in pressure-dependent Raman spectroscopic study of BaTiO<Subscript>3</Subscript>

In the earlier pressure-dependent Raman spectroscopic studies, it has been reported that BaTiO₃ undergoes a tetragonal to cubic phase transition above ~ 2 GPa, whereas pressure-dependent X-ray absorption, X-ray diffuse scattering studies and pair distribution function studies have reported the presence of a low-symmetry rhombohedral phase above ~ 2.3 GPa. In this report, we present our pressure-dependent Raman spectroscopic studies on polycrystalline BaTiO₃ which shows that it first undergoes a transition from tetragonal to orthorhombic/rhombohedral phase above ~ 2.6 GPa and then finally goes to the cubic phase above 8.4 GPa. Pressure-dependent synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) studies have also been carried out that provided rate of change of volume as a function of pressure resulting in bulk modulus of 215 ± 9 GPa.     

Studies on hexagonal cadmium selenide thin film deposited by chemical route using ascorbic acid

We have successfully deposited cadmium selenide (CdSe) thin films by simple dip method using ascorbic acid as complexing agent. Variation of thickness with time and temperature were studied. Deposited samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. The absorption, electrical and photoelectrochemical properties are also studied. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the film samples are in hexagonal structure. The optical band gap energy was found to be 1.70 eV. Activation energy was found to be 0.447 and 0.034 eV for higher temperature and lower temperature respectively. For CdSe photoelectrode, the open circuit voltage and short circuit current are found to be 267 mV and 175 mA respectively. The calculation shows the fill factor is 28.67 %. The power conversion efficiency is found to be 1.01 %.