The formation of minerals in a chromite-periclase refractory produced from fused materials and its wear in the roof of an open-hearth furnace

Refractories and Industrial Ceramics - An analysis was carried out of certain aspects of the zone-forming process in the roof brick of open-hearth furnaces. It was established that three fissure...     

Refractories from fused magnesite-chromite in the lining of a nickel converter

Conclusions Refractories based on a fused magnesite-chromite material are 33–35% more durable than ordinary magnesite-chromite refractories. Their erosion depends to a slightly greater extent on spalling than on chemical dissociation. A relation exists between the pattern of impregnation with the converter melts and the development of cracks in the refractory.The durability of the converter lining can be increased still further by increasing the density of the refractories.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 6, pp. 28–32, June, 1977.     

Effective transport coefficients of textured materials

A method is proposed for calculating effective transport coefficients of two-phase anisotropic polycrystalline materials with an arbitrary distribution of anisotropic ellipsoidal particles of the first phase.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 792–798, May, 1986.     

Relation between kinetic properties of single crystals and of oriented polycrystalline materials

It is demonstrated that the characteristics of a single crystal can be calculated from available data on the properties and the orientation of polycrystalline materials.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 418–421, September, 1984.     

Service of fused periclase refractories in linings of converter steel discharge holes

Conclusions Periclase and periclase-spinel blocks for lining the discharge apertures of steel melting converters made on the basis of fused periclase, in conditions at the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant, have a resistance of 164–214 heats.The maximum wear resistance is possessed by periclase-spinel blocks made on the basis of fused periclase which is confirmed by the minimum wear during the heat (despite the relatively high initial porosity of the products), the number of thermal cracks, the extent of the working zone, and also the minimum quantity of fusible new formations in this zone.Important significance, in order to guarantee sufficient service, is attached to the rational selection of the diameter of the channel in the blocks. In conditions at the Chelyabinsk Plant it is desirable to try blocks with a channel diameter of 140 mm.Further increases in the resistance of periclase and periclase-spinel blocks, made on the basis of fused periclase, to the action of liquid and gaseous reagents of the melt should be achieved by improving the chemical and phase compositions and structure (for example, reducing the quantity and size of the pores).Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 30–37, February, 1973.     

Silicon carbide refractory castables

Optimum formulations for castables intended for different service conditions are proposed. Silicon carbide castables containing ultradisperse particles of cement, silica fume, and electrofused corundum are developed. The castables do not weaken on heating and display superior operational properties: the compressive strength is 40–80 MPa at sintering temperature 400°C and 50–85 MPa at 1300°C, the strain onset temperature under a load of 0.2 MPa is 1700–1510°C; thermal stability (1300°C — water) is better than 45 heating/cooling cycles (1300°C — water); no change in linear and volume dimensions was observed on heating. The newly-developed castables can find application in various sectors of industry, in particular, as the refractory material for the lining of Whiting furnaces and porcelain kilns. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 12, pp. 36–39, December, 2005.