Synthesizing a uniformly spaced array pattern using integral operator for removing progressive phase shift

In this article, an analytical technique is introduced to obtain the excitation coefficients of uniformly spaced linear antenna arrays in order to achieve a desired array factor. By integration of the prescribed array factor, the array factor dependency to the progressive phase shift is eliminated. A new system of linear equations is consequently obtained whose solution represents the excitation coefficients of the array. Some examples are presented to verify the accuracy of the introduced method. The performance of this strategy is compared with those obtained by the other well‐known techniques such as Woodward‐Lawson and Fourier transform. It is shown that the presented method estimates the desired array pattern with a very good precision.     

Contribution of City Prosperity to Decisions on Healthy Building Design:A cases tudy of Tehran

In this paper,the city prosperity manifest is analyzed through a logical process and a framework is then proposed for designing healthy buildings in Tehran. The current status of urbanization in terms of the number of people living together and the changes in old behavior and perspectives have resulted in deficiencies to the health and hygiene of buildings apart from their surrounding environment. Consequently,these problems have affected people's well-being.This study mainly aims to determine policies and strategies for the architecturaldesign of healthy buildings according to health and safety conditions that influence the quality of internal spaces and external environment of cities.The study is conducted based on logical reasoning and uses focus group and in-depth interviews to assess the final result. The result is aframework that suggests a number of policies that can promote the mental and physical health as well as hygiene of residents through healthy buildings.     

Buffer allocation in unreliable production lines based on design of experiments, simulation, and genetic algorithm

This paper presents a multiobjective formulation of the buffer allocation problem in unreliable production lines. Majority of the solution methods for buffer allocation problems assume that the process times, time between failures, and repair times are deterministic or exponentially distributed. This paper relaxes these restrictions by proposing a simulation-based methodology which can consider general function distributions for all parameters of production lines. Factorial design has been used to build a meta-model for estimating production rate based on a detailed, discrete event simulation model. We use genetic algorithm combined to line search method to solve the multiobjective model and determining the optimal (or near optimal) size of each buffer storage.     

Cationic liposomes-polyallylamine-plasmid nanocomplexes for gene delivery

The aim of the present study was to prepare, characterise and evaluate the transfection efficiency of ternary complexes (lipopolyplexes) composed of cationic liposome, polyallylamine (PAA), plasmid DNA (pDNA). PAA was reacted with a varying amount of a linker, 6-bromohexanoic acid (6-bromo-HA), to prepare a series of modified polymers. Lipopolyplexes consisting of cationic liposome, PAA (or modified PAA), pDNA were prepared. The nanoparticles, so formed, were characterised by their size and zeta potential and were subsequently evaluated for their cytotoxicity and transfection ability on Neuro2A cells. Mean size of prepared complexes ranged from 170 to 280 nm. All lipopolylexes showed a positive zeta potential. Highest transfection efficiency was for lipopolyplex containing PAA 15 kDa-modified polymer and liposome at C/P ratio of 0.5. High molecular weight PAA was more toxic than PAA 15 kDa for Neuro2A cells especially in higher C/P ratio. The results indicate that using the hydrophobic modified PAA in the structure of lipopolyplexes is an effective strategy for improving transfection efficiency.     

Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-Aging and Anti-Tumor Effects of Lithocholic Bile Acid

Bile acids are cholesterol-derived bioactive lipids that play essential roles in the maintenance of a heathy lifespan. These amphipathic molecules with detergent-like properties display numerous beneficial effects on various longevity- and healthspan-promoting processes in evolutionarily distant organisms. Recent studies revealed that lithocholic bile acid not only causes a considerable lifespan extension in yeast, but also exhibits a substantial cytotoxic effect in cultured cancer cells derived from different tissues and organisms. The molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the robust anti-aging and anti-tumor effects of lithocholic acid have emerged. This review summarizes the current knowledge of these mechanisms, outlines the most important unanswered questions and suggests directions for future research.     

Risk Management for Collaborative Software Development

Collaborative software development involving multiple organizational units, often spanning national, language, and cultural boundaries, raises new challenges and risks that can derail software development projects even when traditional risk factors are being controlled. This article presents a framework that can be used to manage collaborative software development projects, based on an extended set of risk management principles. Three risk factors — trust, culture, and collaborative communication — are discussed in depth.     

Ethnobotanical and phytochemical aspects of the edible herb Coriandrum sativum L.

Coriandrum sativum (coriander) is an edible herb in the family Apiaceae. The leaves, fruits, and stems of C. sativum have long been used as culinary spice due to their favorable odor. Traditional practitioners used this plant for treating different diseases like blepharitis, scabies, aphthous stomatitis, laryngitis, headache, and palpitation. In modern researches, coriander has demonstrated anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, antimigraine, neuroprotective, analgesic, diuretic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hypotensive, anticancer, and antioxidant activities. Coriander contains a wide range of bioactive phytochemicals among which phenylpropenes, terpenoids, isocoumarins, phytosterols, and fatty acids are the most important. This review provides information about the botanical and ethnobotanical aspects, chemical profile, therapeutic uses in Islamic traditional medicine (ITM), and recent pharmacological studies of coriander effects. The results have shown that coriander and its monoterpenoid compound, linalool, can be considered as potential drug candidates for treating metabolic syndrome and different inflammatory conditions especially neural and CNS diseases.     

Green Synthesis of Chitosan-Coated Silver Nanoparticle,Characterization, Antimicrobial Activities,and Cytotoxicity Analysis in Cancerous and Normal Cell Lines

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - The production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using chemical synthesis routes require hazardous and toxic solvents. Nowadays, there...