Biochemical oxidation of caprolactam-containing wastewater from the production of synthetic fibres

Conclusions The chemical mutagenesis method is recommended for use in local purification installations for cleaning up of caprolactam-containing wastewater.Use of this method permits one to carry out a biochemical clean-up of wastewater having a caprolactam content up to 600 mg/liter while increasing the oxidative power of the aeration tank by a factor of two.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, p. 46, November–December, 1985.     

Effect of the particle size ratio on the conductivity of conductor-insulator powder composites: Numerical simulation

A theoretical method for determining the percolation limit and effective conductivity of composites based on polydisperse mixtures of insulator and conductor powders is proposed. The effect of the particle size ratio between the insulator and conductor on the percolation limit and effective conductivity is studied. Numerical simulation of the microstructure, effective properties, and percolation limit in composites is discussed. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Vol. 46, No. 1–2(453), pp. 31–40, 2007.     

Auxin and Root Gravitropism: Addressing Basic Cellular Processes by Exploiting a Defined Growth Response

Root architecture and growth are decisive for crop performance and yield, and thus a highly topical research field in plant sciences. The root system of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is the ideal system to obtain insights into fundamental key parameters and molecular players involved in underlying regulatory circuits of root growth, particularly in responses to environmental stimuli. Root gravitropism, directional growth along the gravity, in particular represents a highly sensitive readout, suitable to study adjustments in polar auxin transport and to identify molecular determinants involved. This review strives to summarize and give an overview into the function of PIN-FORMED auxin transport proteins, emphasizing on their sorting and polarity control. As there already is an abundance of information, the focus lies in integrating this wealth of information on mechanisms and pathways. This overview of a highly dynamic and complex field highlights recent developments in understanding the role of auxin in higher plants. Specifically, it exemplifies, how analysis of a single, defined growth response contributes to our understanding of basic cellular processes in general.     

Do you really mean what you actually enforced?

In their works on the theoretical side of Polymer, Ligatti and his co-authors have identified a new class of enforcement mechanisms based on the notion of edit automata that can transform sequences and enforce more than simple safety properties. We show that there is a gap between the edit automata that one can possibly write (e.g., by Ligatti et?al in their IJIS running example) and the edit automata that are actually constructed according the theorems from Ligatti??s IJIS paper or from Talhi et?al. ??Ligatti??s automata?? are just a particular kind of edit automata. Thus, we re-open a question which seemed to have received a definitive answer: you have written your security enforcement mechanism (aka your edit automata); does it really enforce the security policy you wanted?     

Nano- and micro-range mechanical characteristics of sylvite grain

The paper discusses the indentation testing of sylvite grain using scanning probing microscope Dimension ICON and facility NanotTest-600. The authors present the approximated processing procedure for experimental curves and compare the obtained values of hardness and elastic modulus at different scale levels.     

Mathematical Modeling of the Stress-Strain State in Rock and Artificial Masses During Slice Chamber Mining of Underpit Reserves in the “Internatsionalnaya” Kimberlite Pipe

The statement and solution algorithm are proposed for the problem on the stress-strain state of a kimberlite body, filling massif, and enclosing rock during slice chamber mining with filling. The equations of nonlinear hereditary viscoelasticity are used as the constitutive relations for saliferous rocks. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 26–37, May–June, 2005.     

Analysis of Sour Oil Ozonation Products by Ultra-High Resolution Mass-Spectrometry

Ozonation products of sour crude oil have been determined at the molecular level by means of ion cyclotron resonance Fourier-transform mass spectrometry in soft ionization modes. It has been shown that a proper choice of ozonation conditions makes it possible to selectively ozonize heteroatomic nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen compounds, such as pyrrole derivatives, sulfides, disulfides, thiophene derivatives, resins, and asphaltenes. It has been found that the hydrocarbon portion of the oil is not ozonized under the given conditions.     

Study of spin centers in nanocrystalline titanium dioxide with a high degree of photocatalytic activity

Electron spin resonance spectroscopy is used to study the effects of illumination and changes in temperature on spin centers in nanocrystalline anatase powders synthesized by sol-gel methods with various complexing agents. A correlation between the concentration of oxygen radicals at the surface and the rate of photocatalytic decomposition of organic compounds in the presence of TiO₂ is observed. It is shown that the concentration of centers active in the electron spin resonance spectra can be used for monitoring the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂.     

Mechanical Instability of Powders in the System ZrO2 – Y2O3 under High Hydrostatic Pressure Conditions

Results for monocrystalline powders of composition ZrO₂ + 3 mol.% Y₂O₃ obtained by co-precipitation and compacted under high hydrostatic pressure conditions are presented. Structural transformations of the powders as a function of the pressure applied are studied. During the compaction, the martensitic T M transformation takes place at a rate increasing with pressure and particle size of the powder. Relations between phase transformations, structural changes, and properties of the powders compacted are discussed.