Simple and interpretable discrimination

A number of approaches have been proposed for constructing alternatives to principal components that are more easily interpretable, while still explaining considerable part of the data variability. One such approach is employed in order to produce interpretable canonical variates and explore their discrimination behavior, which is more complicated as orthogonality with respect to the within-groups sums-of-squares matrix is involved. The proposed simple and interpretable canonical variates are an optimal choice between good and sparse approximation to the original ones, rather than identifying the variables that dominate the discrimination. The numerical algorithms require low computational cost, and are illustrated on the Fisher’s iris data and on moderately large real data.     

Two Phase Flows in Porous Media Under Microgravity Conditions

The paper presents the results of investigating the instability of the displacement of viscous fluid by a less viscous one in two-dimensional and three-dimensional porous specimens. The effects of the three-dimensional phenomena on development of instability are revealed, in particular, the faster growth of 3D disturbances as compared with 2D ones, while 2D displacement integral parameters (such as the outflow of the displacing fluid) have much higher deviations than those parameters obtained in 3D modelling. This can be explained by much higher number of fingers in 3D cases of displacement reaching the outflow surface, and by the subsequent compensation of disturbances in the overall outflow.     

Length Scale Selects Directionality of Droplets on Vibrating Pillar Ratchet

Directional control of droplet motion at room temperature is of interest for applications such as microfluidic devices, self‐cleaning coatings, and directional adhesives. Here, arrays of tilted pillars ranging in height from the nanoscale to the microscale are used as structural ratchets to directionally transport water at room temperature. Water droplets deposited onto vibrating chips with a nanostructured ratchet move preferentially in the direction of the feature tilt while the opposite directionality is observed in the case of microstructured ratchets. This remarkable switch in directionality is consistent with changes in the contact angle hysteresis. To glean further insights into the length scale dependent asymmetric contact angle hysteresis, the contact lines formed by a nonvolatile room temperature ionic liquid placed onto the tilted pillar arrays were visualized and analyzed in situ in a scanning electron microscope. The ability to tune droplet directionality by merely changing the length scale of surface features all etched at the same tilt angle would be a versatile tool for manipulating multiphase flows and for selecting droplet directionality in other lap‐on‐chip applications.     

Orthomax Rotation Problem. A Differential Equation Approach

In the present paper the ORTHOMAX rotation problem is reconsidered. It is shown that its solution can be presented as a steepest ascent flow on the manifold of orthogonal matrices. A matrix formulation of the ORTHOMAX problem is given as an initial value problem for matrix differential equation of first order. The solution can be found by any available ODE numerical integrator. Thus the paper proposes a convergent method for direct matrix solution of the ORTHOMAX problem.

The well-known first order necessary condition for the VARIMAX maximizer is reestablished for the ORTHOMAX case without using Lagrange multipliers. Additionally new second order optimality conditions are derived and as a consequence an explicit second order necessary condition for further classification of the ORTHOMAX maximizer is obtained.

     

The effect of photomirex on the in vitro perfused ovary of the rat

We describe the cloning of p63, a gene at chromosome 3q27-29 that bears strong homology to the tumor suppressor p53 and to the related gene, p73. p63 was detected in a variety of human and mouse tissues, including proliferating basal cells of epithelial layers in the epidermis, cervix, urothelium, and prostate. Unlike p53, the p63 gene encodes multiple isotypes with remarkably divergent abilities to transactivate p53 reporter genes and induce apoptosis. Importantly, the predominant p63 isotypes in many epithelial tissues lack an acidic N terminus corresponding to the transactivation domain of p53. We demonstrate that these truncated p63 variants can act as dominant-negative agents toward transactivation by p53 and p63, and we suggest the possibility of physiological interactions among members of the p53 family.     

Actinic brachial plexus lesion

OBJECTIVES: To prove or disprove this assumption that in neuropathy patients with abundant spontaneous activity, peak-ratio interference pattern analysis may lead to false negative results. METHODS: Spontaneous activity >100 microV, automatically analysed by turn/amplitude analysis and expressed as (turns/second)/2 ((T/S)/2), and interference patterns, analysed by the peak-ratio technique, were recorded, one after the other, from the right anterior tibial muscle of 21 patients with neuropathy, aged 36-87 years. RESULTS: The mean number of spontaneous discharges ((T/S)/2) was 12.3 (range 5.5-26) and its mean amplitude 261 microV (range 146-478 microV). Despite this abundant spontaneous activity, peak-ratio analysis was neurogenic in 81% of the patients. All peak-ratio parameters were independent on the amount and amplitude of spontaneous discharges. CONCLUSIONS: Spontaneous discharges >100 microV could be adequately assessed by means of the turn/amplitude analysis and did not influence peak-ratio analysis in neuropathies.     

Homology Model Adjustment and Ligand Screening with a Pseudoreceptor of the Human Histamine H4 Receptor

A new pseudoreceptor modeling method (PRPS) was applied to the refinement of a homology model of the human histamine H₄ receptor (H₄R), the prediction of a ligand binding site, and virtual screening. Retrieval of two new H₄R ligands demonstrates the biological relevance of the pseudoreceptor model and provides a means for finding new hits and leads in the early phases of drug discovery.

     

Molecular dynamics simulation of the formation of bimetallic core-shell nanostructures with binary Ni–Al nanoparticle quenching

Journal of Materials Science - Employing isothermal molecular dynamics, we simulated the self-assembly of core-shell nanostructures in the course of quenching binary Ni–Al nanoparticles (NPs)...