Cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity after intravitreal inoculation of herpes simplex virus type I in mice

After inoculating mice with herpes simplex virus (HSV) by a corneal or intravitreal route, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the cervical lymph nodes and spleen was assayed. The spleen and cervical lymph nodes were removed at various points till 2 weeks after inoculation, and CTL activity was assayed in a groups: (A) mice intravitreally inoculated with HSV, and (B) mice with topical application of HSV. The reactivity of delayed type sensitivity was determined by the thickness of the mouse ear pinna on the 6th day in both groups. CTL activity in the spleen was at the same level in both groups. Up to 10 days after inoculation CTL activity in the cervical lymph nodes in group (A) was lower than in group (B). The reactivity of delayed type sensitivity in group (A) was lower than in group (B). These results indicate that an anterior chamber associated immune deviation (ACAID)-like phenomenon occurred after HSV inoculation into the vitreous cavity.     

Preparation of porous carbons from thermoplastic precursors and their performance for electric double layer capacitors

Porous carbons with high surface area were successfully prepared from thermoplastic precursors, such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), hydroxyl propyl cellulose and poly(ethylene terephthalate), by the carbonization of a mixture with MgO at 900 °C in an inert atmosphere. After carbonization the MgO was dissolved out using a diluted sulfuric acid and the carbons formed were isolated. The mixing of the PVA carbon precursor with the MgO precursors (reagent grade MgO, magnesium acetate or citrate) was done either in powder form or in an aqueous solution. The BET surface area of the carbons obtained via solution mixing could reach a very high value, such as 2000 m²/g, without any activation process. The pore structure of the resultant carbons was found to depend strongly on the mixing method; the carbons prepared via solution mixing were rich in mesopores, but those produced via powder mixing were rich in micropores. The size of mesopores was found to be almost the same as that of the MgO particles, suggesting a way of controlling the mesopore size in the resultant carbons. Measurement of capacitance was carried out in 1 mol/L H₂SO₄ electrolyte. The porous carbon with a BET surface area of 1900 m²/g prepared at 900 °C through solution mixing of Mg acetate with PVA showed a fairly high EDLC capacitance, about 250 F/g with a current density of 20 mA/g and 210 F/g with 1000 mA/g. The rate performance was closely related to the mesoporous surface area.     

Masking model for accurate colorimetric characterization of LCD

Abstract— A color management system (CMS) such as ICC profile or sRGB space have been proposed for color transformation and reproduction of cross media. In such a CMS, accurate colorimetric characterization of a display device plays a critical role in achieving device‐independent color reproduction. In the case of a CRT, colorimetric characterization based on a GOG model is accurate enough for this purpose. However, there is no effective counterpart in liquid‐crystal displays (LCDs) since the characterization of an LCD has many difficulties, such as channel interaction and non‐constancy of channel chromaticity. In this paper, a new method of display characterization is proposed which is applicable to the assessment of color reproduction of LCDs. The proposed method characterizes an electro‐optical transfer function considering both channel interaction and non‐constancy of channel chromaticity. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very effective in the colorimetry of LCDs.     

Carbon coating of anatase-type TiO2 through their precipitation in PVA aqueous solution

Fine particles of photocatalytic anatase-type TiO₂ prepared through hydrolysis of titanium-tetraisopropoxide were coated by carbon through their precipitation in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aqueous solution, followed by heat treatment at high temperatures of 400-1000 °C in a flow of high purity Ar. Without carbon coating, the phase transformation from anatase to rutile started above 600 °C, but it was suppressed up to 800 °C with carbon coating. Suppression of the phase transformation depended on the amount of carbon coated, apparent suppression being observed with carbon content above 5 mass%. The amount of carbon coated on anatase was controlled by changing the concentration of PVA in the solution. In order to have a carbon content of about 5 mass%, a PVA solution with more than 2 mass% had to be used.     

Immobilization of Glucose Isomerase in Microbial Cells. Part 2. Properties of Immobilized Glucose Isomerase in Cell Granule Preparations

Some properties of immobilized glucose isomerase in whole cell preparations were investigated. Immobilized glucose isomerase showed a similar velocity pattern to the native free enzyme. But the reaction system of immobilized enzyme was thought to be influenced by diffusion. The immobilized enzyme was much superior to the free enzyme in heat and pH stability and resistance to the inhibitory effect of several metal ions. In continuous process immobilized glucose isomerase showed a considerable durability. Decrease of activity of the immobilized enzyme column was approximately expressed by an exponential function of time.     

Next-generation 10 GBaud module based on emerging SFP+ with host-based EDC [Topics in Optical Communications]

There has been an ongoing trend to require transceivers for use in datacom and telecom switches to be small and have low power dissipation to enable large port count switches. At speeds between 1 and 4 GBaud the SFP form factor is by far the most commonly used. Up to now 10 GBaud transceivers have used larger devices with larger power dissipations. This article describes the SFP+ module being specified by the SFF Committee (SFF 8431) that will enable the same port densities as the SFP module. The adaptive equalizers and high-speed transmission channels required in the switches to make the SFP+ module work successfully are also described     

Simultaneous particle tracking in multi-action motion models with synthesized paths

This paper proposes human motion models of multiple actions for 3D pose tracking. A training pose sequence of each action, such as walking and jogging, is separately recorded by a motion capture system and modeled independently. This independent modeling of action-specific motions allows us 1) to optimize each model in accordance with only its respective motion and 2) to improve the scalability of the models. Unlike existing approaches with similar motion models (e.g. switching dynamical models), our pose tracking method uses the multiple models simultaneously for coping with ambiguous motions. For robust tracking with the multiple models, particle filtering is employed so that particles are distributed simultaneously in the models. Efficient use of the particles can be achieved by locating many particles in the model corresponding to an action that is currently observed. For transferring the particles among the models in quick response to changes in the action, transition paths are synthesized between the different models in order to virtually prepare inter-action motions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed models improve accuracy in pose tracking.     

A new technique to measure the temperature of a rotating motor shaft

In the present study, a new technique has been developed for the measurement of the temperature of a motor shaft rotating at high speed. A radiation thermometer could be useful as one of the methods of measuring the surface temperature of said shaft. However, if the cross-sectional diameter of the motor shaft is small, it is necessary to closely approach the shaft rotating at high speed when measuring the temperature. The present paper reports the successful measurement of the local surface temperature and the temperature rise time of a motor shaft with a diameter of 10 mm diameter, rotating at high speed, by utilizing the potential of the melting points of different chemical reagents. The measurements were carried out at a distance of 1 m from the shaft, overcoming the difficulty in the use of a radiation thermometer.     

Eleven phthalate esters and di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate in oneweek duplicate diet samples obtained from hospitals and their estimated daily intake

Plasticizers in duplicate diet samples obtained over 1 week were analysed in order to estimate daily intake. The phthalate esters were as follows: diethyl, dipropyl, dibutyl, dipentyl, dihexyl, butylbenzyl, dicyclohexyl, di(2-ethylhexyl), dioctyl, diisooctyl (mixture of isomers) and diisononyl (mixture). Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was also determined. Homogenized samples of composite meals were extracted with acetonitrile, lipids were removed by extraction into n-hexane and the acetonitrile layer was cleaned using FlorisilR and R Bondesil PSA dual layer column. Phthalates were determined by GC/MS (SIM). Phthalate recovery from the fortified food mixture by this method was 62.5-140.8%. Quality assurance as assessed by three laboratories indicated coefficient of variance in the levels of detected phthalates in same lot samples as below 10%. Detection limits were 0.1-23ng/g for each phthalate. One-week duplicate diet samples provided by three hospitals in three remote prefectures of Japan were analysed as individual meals. In all 63 samples, DEHP was present at the highest level among all phthalates in the range 10-4400ng/g. The intake of plasticizers estimated from all samples was 519 µ g DEHP/day, 86 µ g DEHA/day, 65 µ g DINP/day, and 4.7 µ g BBP/day. Calculated DEHP in 2-day samples out of 21 days exceeded EU TDI for a person of 50kg body weight (1850 µ g per day). Disposable PVC gloves used during the preparation of meals were suspected as the source of the high DEHP content. One-day intake of the other phthalates and DEHA was below 7% of TDI in all cases. High concentrations of DEHP (5990ng/g) was found in baby food used in quality assurance work. The source of contamination was the PVC-tube used during production and was effectively reduced by replacing the tube by one made of stainless steel.