Upgrade of Systems Controlling Pneumatic Transport of Glass Batch Materials

An upgraded system for controlling pneumatic transportation of glass batch materials produced by the Stromizmeritel' JSC is considered. Comparative analysis of various schemes of control over the process of filling the pneumatic-cell pump with material is provided.     

Automation of the texturizing process

Automation of the texturizing process     

Kinetics of Crystallization of Binary Melts of Eutectic-Forming Substances

The crystal nucleation and growth rates in eutectic-forming melts are experimentally determined using a universal technique for finding the kinetic parameters of processes involving phase transformations. It is shown that, with an increase in the concentration of the impurity component, the crystal nucleation and growth rates gradually decrease and reach a minimum at a eutectic point. It is confirmed that inter- and extrapolation equations known in the theory of crystallization of one-component melts can be used to obtain reliable values of the kinetic parameters in the crystallization of binary melts at large supercoolings.     

Phenomenological model of the scale effect of the strength of polymer fibers

A new derivation of the scale effect equation for polymer fibers is proposed. The equation is: AL ^–, where is the average strength of the fiber; L is the length of the fiber; A and are coefficients. The equation was obtained from the general premises of scale effect theory without indication of the concrete form of the probability function F(S).Ukrainian Scientific-Research Institute of Polymer Fibers, Kiev. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 34–36, July–August, 1992.     

Theoretical basis, modern technologies, and innovations of ferrous metallurgy

The state of the art of the modern production of cast iron, ferroalloys, and steel is analyzed. The existing two-stage scheme, which resulted from long-term improvement of the old well-known technologies, is shown to have a low susceptibility to new scientific achievements and an insignificant reserve of further improvement. The necessity of developing fundamentally new technologies based on the achievements of modern science is grounded, and this necessity is especially important for the stage of metal extraction from ores. As an example, the possibility of selective reduction and extraction of metals from ores without melting is shown.     

Estimating the residual life of plastically deformed welded joints using simulation of their acoustic emissions

The elastoplastic behavior of welded joints would seem to be the result of the joint actions of destruction and plastic-deformation processes. The possibility of modernizing the micromechanical model of acoustic emissions for the purpose of extending its application to the plastic-deformation segment is considered. An example of specimens of butt-welded joints is used to show the possibility of evaluating the residual life of an article on the basis of the obtained model.     

The effect of strength state nonuniformity on the acoustic emission of structural materials

Nondestructive testing of the strength of materials and structures is based on the evaluation of representative strength indices that allow forecasting of the instant that destruction will occur. Flaws in a material and complexities in a structure lead to nonuniformities in their structural, stressed-strained, and strength states, to the reduction of the testability of objects, and the necessity of increasing their strength margin. The criteria for determining the kind and nonuniformity of the strength state of structural materials are formulated, a technique for qualitative evaluation of the degree of the strength nonuniformity is considered, and the correlations of different acoustic-emission and geometric strength characteristics, which were obtained by a nondestructive method, are compared to the durability of specimens.