Microsystem Technologies - Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) are widely used as potential carriers in drug delivery systems. The objective of this work was to observe the effects of pristine,... 相似文献
Regulatory B (Breg) cells are endowed with immune suppressive functions. Various human and murine Breg subtypes have been reported. While interleukin (IL)-10 intracellular staining remains the most reliable way to identify Breg cells, this technique hinders further essential functional studies. Recent findings suggest that CD9 is an effective surface marker of murine IL-10 competent Breg cells. However, the stability of CD9 and its relevance as a unique marker for human Breg cells, which have been widely characterized as CD24hiCD38hi, have not been investigated. Here, we demonstrate that CD9 expression is sensitive to in vitro B cell stimulations. CD9 expression could either be re-expressed or downregulated in purified CD9-negative B cells and CD9-positive B cells, respectively. We found no significant differences in the Breg differentiation capacity of the CD9-negative and CD9-positive B cells. Furthermore, CD9-positive B cells co-express CD40 and CD86, suggesting their nature as B cell activation or co-stimulatory molecules, rather than regulatory ones. Therefore, we report the relatively unstable CD9 as a distinct surface molecule, indicating the need for further research for a more reliable marker to purify human Breg cells. 相似文献
Image Completion plays a vital role in compressed sensing, machine learning, and computer vision applications. The Rank Minimization algorithms are used to perform the image completion. The major problem with rank minimization algorithms is the loss of information in the recovered image at high corruption ratios. To overcome this problem Lifting wavelet transform based Rank Minimization (LwRM), and Discrete wavelet transform based Rank Minimization (DwRM) methods are proposed, which can recover the image, if the corrupted observations are more than 80%. The evaluation of the proposed methods are accomplished by Full Reference Image Quality Assessment (FRIQA) and No Reference Image Quality Assessment (NR-IQA) metrics. The simulation results of proposed methods are superior to state-of-the-art methods.
Cotton fibres coated with biogenically fabricated silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are most sought material because of their enhanced activity and biocompatibility. After successful synthesis of SNPs on cotton fibres using leaf extract of Vitex negundo Linn, the fibres were studied using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, energy dispersive X‐ray, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The characterisation revealed uniformly distributed spherical agglomerates of SNPs having individual particle size around 50 nm with the deposition load of 423 μg of silver per gram of cotton. Antimicrobial assay of cotton–SNPs fibres showed effective performance against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The method is biogenic, environmentally benign, rapid, and cost‐effective, producing highly biocompatible antimicrobial coating required for the healthcare industry.Inspec keywords: cotton, health care, nanoparticles, coatings, silver, fibres, nanofabrication, scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray chemical analysis, atomic emission spectroscopy, plasma applications, microorganisms, biotechnologyOther keywords: biocompatible antimicrobial cotton fibre coating, healthcare industry, bioorganic‐coated silver nanoparticle synthesis, biogenically fabricated silver nanoparticle, SNP, leaf extraction, Vitex negundo Linn, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, uniformly distributed spherical agglomerate, antimicrobial assay, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, Ag相似文献
The augmentation in electricity demand, power system privatization as well as efficacy of renewable resources has
paved the way for power system companies and researchers to exploit the field of grid connected distributed
generation (DG) and its issues, islanding being a dominant one. Several research works have been conducted to
mitigate the issues of islanding detection (ID). In context of this, the paper gives a comprehensive review of
islanding issues, standard test systems, criteria and shifting of research trends in islanding detection methods
(IDMs). The significant contributions pertain to categorization of IDMs, evaluation of non-detection zone (NDZ) for
each test system, disquisition on evolution and advancement of IDMs and its comparisons based on criteria such as
NDZ, run on time, nuisance tripping percentage, applicability in multi DG system and implementation cost to draw
out the strength and shortcomings of individual methods that will come to aid to the companies or researchers for
establishing the applicability and appropriateness of such method for their concerned domain. 相似文献
Erythropoietin (EPO) signaling plays a vital role in erythropoiesis by regulating proliferation and lineage-specific differentiation of murine hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). An important downstream response of EPO signaling is calcium (Ca2+) influx, which is regulated by transient receptor potential channel (TRPC) proteins, particularly TRPC2 and TRPC6. While EPO induces Ca2+ influx through TRPC2, TRPC6 inhibits the function of TRPC2. Thus, interactions between TRPC2 and TRPC6 regulate the rate of Ca2+ influx in EPO-induced erythropoiesis. In this study, we observed that the expression of TRPC6 in KIT-positive erythroid progenitor cells was regulated by DOT1L. DOT1L is a methyltransferase that plays an important role in many biological processes during embryonic development including early erythropoiesis. We previously reported that Dot1l knockout (Dot1lKO) HPCs in the yolk sac failed to develop properly, which resulted in lethal anemia. In this study, we detected a marked downregulation of Trpc6 gene expression in Dot1lKO progenitor cells in the yolk sac compared to the wild type (WT). The promoter and the proximal regions of the Trpc6 gene locus exhibited an enrichment of H3K79 methylation, which is mediated solely by DOT1L. However, the expression of Trpc2, the positive regulator of Ca2+ influx, remained unchanged, resulting in an increased TRPC2/TRPC6 ratio. As the loss of DOT1L decreased TRPC6, which inhibited Ca2+ influx by TRPC2, Dot1lKO HPCs in the yolk sac exhibited accelerated and sustained elevated levels of Ca2+ influx. Such heightened Ca2+ levels might have detrimental effects on the growth and proliferation of HPCs in response to EPO. 相似文献
Benchmarking plug-load densities is essential to bypass arbitrary and/or incorrect inputs used in building energy analysis. As more building simulationists play a decision-making role for the design team, they tend to lean on building energy standards and guidelines for preliminary inputs such as plug-load densities. It is necessary for building energy standards and rating systems to implement plug-load density benchmarks to reward design teams in their efforts to reduce plug-load energy use. Using case study buildings, this paper establishes benchmark plug-load densities for K-12 schools under two new categories – classrooms with computers and classrooms without computers. Eighteen K-12 schools including 9 elementary, 2 middle, and 7 high schools are assessed for actual plug-load densities. For the same case study buildings, four existing approaches – NREL, COMNET, ASHRAE 90.1-1989, and Title-24 are evaluated for plug-load densities. Results show under- and over-estimation of plug-load densities over actual densities. The development of benchmark for K-12 schools will pave way for instituting targets for trimming plug-load densities in new and retrofit building projects. 相似文献