Modeling tool wear in end-milling using enhanced GMDH learning networks

This paper presents an enhanced approach to predictive modeling for determining tool-wear in end-milling operations based on enhanced-group method of data handling (e-GMDH). Using milling input parameters (speed, feed, and depth-of-cut) and response (tool wear), the data for the model is partitioned into training and testing datasets, and the training dataset is used to realize a predictive model that is a function of the input parameters and the coefficients determined. In our approach, we first present a methodology for modeling, and then develop predictive model(s) of the problem being solved in the form of second-order equations based on the input data and coefficients realized. This approach leads to some generalization because it becomes possible to predict not only the test data obtained during experimentation, but other test data outside the experimental results can also be used. Moreover, this approach makes it easy to present the realized solution in a form that can be further optimized for the input parameters using some optimization techniques. The results realized using our e-GMDH method are promising, and the comparative study presented shows that the e-GMDH outperforms polynomial neural network (PNN); moreover, it is more flexible than the conventional GMDH, which tends to produce nonlinear solutions even for simple problems. In the investigation, the extended particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique was applied to obtain the optimal parameters. Consequently, the modeling approach is extremely useful in realizing a computer-aided process-planning system in an advanced manufacturing environment.     

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

The authors describe the illness of a Czech soldier who while serving in the UNPROFOR forces in an area with the endemic occurrence of hantaviruses became infected with this agent and developed haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The severe clinical course which called for seven haemodialyzation procedures led to the patient's recovery. The authors describe the course of the disease and epidemiological circumstances.     

Rotating magnetic field-driven flows in conductive inhomogeneous media: Part I—Numerical study

This paper presents a numerical study of the Lorentz force and fluid flow induced by a rotating magnetic field in a medium with a nonhomogeneous electric conductivity placed in a cylindrical vessel with insulated walls. The nonhomogeneity is modeled by the presence of a solid and a liquid phase of different electrical conductivity. The solid phase is located orthogonally to the axis of rotation, which corresponds to the case of unidirectional solidification. The simulations were performed for different locations of the solid front and different ratios of the electrical conductivity, σ _s /σ _l =0.2... 10. Here σ _s and σ _l are the electric conductivity of the solid and liquid phases, respectively. The results showed that the difference between electrical conductivity of solid and liquid phases has a noticeable effect on the mean-time Lorentz force and the velocity: namely, the presence of the solid phase (σ _s >σ _l ) leads to an increase of the Lorentz force and fluid flow in the cylinder.     

Examination of coping resources and family adaptation in mothers and daughters of incestuous versus nonclinical families.

Mother–daughter dyads from incestuous vs nonclinical families were compared in terms of (1) family life stress, (2) problem-solving appraisal, (3) direct coping behaviors, (4) mother–daughter communication, and (5) family adaptation and cohesion. 15 mother–daughter pairs from an incestuous family involving an adult male caretaker were matched on several variables to 16 mother–daughter pairs from a nonclinical family. The results revealed that mothers from the incest group (compared with the nonclinical group) reported greater amounts of family life stress, had more negative perceptions of their problem-solving appraisal, and reported more communication difficulties. The daughters from the incest group appeared to be quite similar to the nonclinical group daughters, although they did acknowledge more family stress. Implications of the results for therapeutic interventions as well as future research were discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Stoichiometric dye-binding procedure for the determination of the reactive lysine content of soya bean protein

A new analytical method has been developed for the determination of the reactive lysine content of soya bean protein. The method is based on the reaction of the free basic groups of the protein with 1-phenylazo-2 naphthol-6,8 disulphonic acid. With regard to the stoichiometry of the procedure, it has been proved, contrary to earlier reports, that the basic amino acids, histidine, arginine and lysine, each combine with one mole of the dye. After acylation with propionic anhydride lysine alone loses its dye reactivity. The usefulness of the proposed method has been demonstrated by the determination of the reactive lysine content of several untreated, heat-treated and acid-treated soya bean samples. The results show that heat damage of about 5% in reactive lysine content can be measured in 1·5 h with good reproducibility.     

On copulas, quasicopulas and fuzzy logic

We investigate (quasi)copulas as possible truth functions of fuzzy conjunction which is not necessarily associative and present some axiom systems for such fuzzy logics. In particular, we study an expansion of Łukasiewicz (infinite valued propositional) logic by a new connective interpreted as an arbitrary quasicopula (and also by a new connective interpreted as the residuum of the copula). Main results concern standard completeness.     

Annotation of sentence structure

The focus of this article is on the creation of a collection of sentences manually annotated with respect to their sentence structure. We show that the concept of linear segments—linguistically motivated units, which may be easily detected automatically—serves as a good basis for the identification of clauses in Czech. The segment annotation captures such relationships as subordination, coordination, apposition and parenthesis; based on segmentation charts, individual clauses forming a complex sentence are identified. The annotation of a sentence structure enriches a dependency-based framework with explicit syntactic information on relations among complex units like clauses. We have gathered a collection of 3,444 sentences from the Prague Dependency Treebank, which were annotated with respect to their sentence structure (these sentences comprise 10,746 segments forming 6,341 clauses). The main purpose of the project is to gain a development data—promising results for Czech NLP tools (as a dependency parser or a machine translation system for related languages) that adopt an idea of clause segmentation have been already reported. The collection of sentences with annotated sentence structure provides the possibility of further improvement of such tools.     

Differential Subcellular Distribution of Cytokinins: How Does Membrane Transport Fit into the Big Picture?

Cytokinins are a class of phytohormones, signalling molecules specific to plants. They act as regulators of diverse physiological processes in complex signalling pathways. It is necessary for plants to continuously regulate cytokinin distribution among different organs, tissues, cells, and compartments. Such regulatory mechanisms include cytokinin biosynthesis, metabolic conversions and degradation, as well as cytokinin membrane transport. In our review, we aim to provide a thorough picture of the latter. We begin by summarizing cytokinin structures and physicochemical properties. Then, we revise the elementary thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of cytokinin membrane transport. Next, we review which membrane-bound carrier proteins and protein families recognize cytokinins as their substrates. Namely, we discuss the families of “equilibrative nucleoside transporters” and “purine permeases”, which translocate diverse purine-related compounds, and proteins AtPUP14, AtABCG14, AtAZG1, and AtAZG2, which are specific to cytokinins. We also address long-distance cytokinin transport. Putting all these pieces together, we finally discuss cytokinin distribution as a net result of these processes, diverse in their physicochemical nature but acting together to promote plant fitness.