Bridging scientist and practitioner perspectives in clinical psychology.

Literature suggests that a complex and often hostile relationship exists between the science and practice of clinical psychology. Contributors to this conflict of viewpoints are reconsidered within the proposition that there are different roads to discovery and that there may be good reasons to keep the science and practice of clinical psychology somewhat separate. Results of a national survey of 325 psychologists are reviewed that support the view that psychological practitioners value research and consider their practices to be augmented by scientific findings. However, they are in need of vehicles of communication that will help them translate scientific findings into practice. Results suggest that practitioners do more to understand scientific findings than scientists do to understand the problems that face clinical practitioners. Ways to facilitate communication between and among these groups are considered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effectiveness of antismoking public service announcements on children's intent to smoke.

The authors randomly assigned 5th- and 8th-grade students to 1 of 3 treatment conditions to study the effects of frequency of exposure to an antismoking public service announcement (PSA) on the students' intent to smoke over time. They found that, among younger children only, viewing an antismoking PSA at least once reduced smoking intentions, although these positive effects did not remain over time. However, the antismoking PSA was effective for younger at-risk children. After younger at-risk children viewed the antismoking PSA once, their intent to smoke decreased significantly. Notably, these positive effects remained stable over time and mirrored the smoking intentions of younger children who were not identified as at risk. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Scale characterisation of an oxidised (Hf,Ti)C-SiC ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composite

A hybrid carbide ultra-high temperature ceramics matrix [(Hf,Ti)C-SiC] reinforced with BN-coated carbon fibres was fabricated and tested for surface oxidation resistance. The UHTC composite showed an average mass ablation rate of 0.0014 g/s after exposure to a high heat flux (～17 MW/cm²) oxyacetylene flame test for 30 s above 2500 °C. The cross-sectional profile of the oxides scale formed was characterised and analysed. The scale was multicomponent; consisting of oxides of Hf, Ti and Si, as well as HfTiO₄ and HfSiO₄, which underwent phase separation and immiscibility. Multiple glassy bubbles formed on the scale surface due to the impediment of escaping gases by the glassy layer on the outer scale. The largest pores in the scale and surface bubbles that resisted rupture were the dominant features of the outermost phase-separated layer. Phase separation in the scale top layer improves the resistance to scale rupture.