Deep Belief Network for Lung Nodule Segmentation and Cancer Detection

Cancer disease is a deadliest disease cause more dangerous one. By identifying the disease through Artificial intelligence to getting the mage features directly from patients. This paper presents the lung knob division and disease characterization by proposing an enhancement calculation. Most of the machine learning techniques failed to observe the feature dimensions leads inaccuracy in feature selection and classification. This cause inaccuracy in sensitivity and specificity rate to reduce the identification accuracy. To resolve this problem, to propose a Chicken Sine Cosine Algorithm based Deep Belief Network to identify the disease factor. The general technique of the created approach includes four stages, such as pre-processing, segmentation, highlight extraction, and the order. From the outset, the Computerized Tomography (CT) image of the lung is taken care of to the division. When the division is done, the highlights are extricated through morphological factors for feature observation. By getting the features are analysed and the characterization is done dependent on the Deep Belief Network (DBN) which is prepared by utilizing the proposed Chicken-Sine Cosine Algorithm (CSCA) which distinguish the lung tumour, giving two classes in particular, knob or non-knob. The proposed system produce high performance as well compared to the other system. The presentation assessment of lung knob division and malignant growth grouping dependent on CSCA is figured utilizing three measurements to be specificity, precision, affectability, and the explicitness.     

A compact four‐element MIMO antenna for WLAN/WiMAX/satellite applications

This paper presents a four‐element wideband monopole MIMO antenna. Initially, a single‐element wideband CPW‐fed antenna is designed operating in the range of 4.30 to 6.45 GHz. Using this design, an approach towards MIMO structure is studied. A two‐element structure is designed keeping them adjacent to each other, and the isolation between the antennas is observed. After which, a four‐element structure is designed having the best orientation in order to achieve good isolation between the antenna elements. The proposed antenna configuration has four identical CPW‐fed elements. The proposed configuration has a fractional bandwidth of 40.27% and has a simulated peak gain of 5.5 dBi. This antenna is intended to be used for WLAN, WiMAX, and satellite bands of range corresponding to 4.70–6.19, 5.5–5.7, and 5–6 GHz. All the necessary antenna simulations are simulated using Ansys HFSS and verified on NI AWR Design Environment. The fabricated model of the proposed design is measured for its performance parameters and validated.     

Assessing the chelating ability of Aerva Lanata: Adsorption of chromium from tannery effluent and its toxicity measurement

The chelating ability of aqueous leaf extract of Aerva lanata was assessed in vitro. The aqueous leaf extract showed a dose dependent decrease in chelating ability using FeCl₂. The highest chelating ability of aqueous leaf extract was observed at 2 × 10^?5 g/mL (100 ± 0.00). The antioxidant activity of the aqueous leaf extract ranged from 42.13% to 88.66%. At 2 × 10^?5 g/mL concentration, a strong positive significant correlation was observed between chelating ability and total phenolics concentration (R = 0.94; P = 0.001). The chelating ability of aqueous leaf extract (2 × 10^?5 g/mL) showed a high positive significant correlation with antioxidant activity (R = 0.78; P = 0.001). Aqueous leaf extract removed the chromium from tannery effluent by 43 mg/g. Allium cepa toxicity test was performed on tannery effluent treated with aqueous leaf extract that increased the root length of onion.     

Novel polysulfone/sulfonated polyaniline/niobium pentoxide polymer blend nanocomposite membranes for fuel cell applications

New series of polymer nanocomposite membranes were prepared from polysulfone (PSU), sulfonated polyaniline (SPANI) and niobium pentoxide (Nb₂O₅) by solution casting technique. In order to assess the suitability of the polymer electrolytes in fuel cell applications, the membranes were characterized with respect to their physicochemical properties. Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data confirmed the successful incorporation of nanofillers into the polymer matrix. The membrane loaded with 10 wt% of niobium pentoxide into PSU/SPANI exhibited a proton conductivity of 0.0674 S cm⁻¹, whereas the control membrane showed 0.0110 S cm⁻¹. The incorporation of niobium pentoxide into pristine polymer not only improved the ionic conductivity but also enhanced the thermal and oxidative stabilities. The substantial results achieved with the organic–inorganic polymer composites derived from PSU-SPANI and Nb₂O₅ have been established and can be viable materials for electrolyte in fuel cell applications.     

Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) / Barium Strontium Titanium Oxide Polymer Nanocomposite Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications

ABSTRACT

Polymer nanocomposite membranes based on sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and barium strontium titanium oxide (BSTO) have been prepared by solution casting technique. The SPEEK was obtained by direct sulfonation of poly (ether ether ketone) using concentrated sulfuric acid. The degree of sulfonation of SPEEK was determined by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The composite membranes showed higher water uptake capacity when compared to SPEEK. The ion-exchange capacity of the composite membranes was found in the range between 1.48 and 1.62 meq. g^?1. The thermal stability of composite membrane was found to be good enough to use in fuel cell.