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1.
Masahiro Tajima Miki Niwa Yasushi Fujii Yutaka Koinuma Reiji Aizawa Satoshi Kushiyama Satoru Kobayashi Koichi Mizuno Hideo Ohuˆchi 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》1997,12(4):1418
The decomposition of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in the presence of water was examined over a variety of solid acid catalysts. The TiO2ZrO2 catalyst was found to have the highest activity and longest life among the catalysts examined. The activity of the TiO2ZrO2 catalysts depended upon the content of TiO2. At the contents of TiO2 from 58 to 90 mole%, the TiO2ZrO2 catalysts exhibited high activity, and these catalysts were proven to contain TiZrO4 crystal. From the study of the XRD peak intensity of the TiZrO4 crystal, it was highest on the TZ-58 which contained 58 mole% of TiO2, and decreased with increasing the content of TiO2. Furthermore, the conversion of CFC113 measured at 673 K was highest at TZ-58, and decreased gradually with increasing TiO2 content. Therefore, the TiZrO4 crystal influences the activity of decomposition of CFC113. However, the TiO2ZrO2 catalyst was gradually deactivated during the reaction due to the elimination of titanium atoms. A good relationship was found between the activity on TiO2ZrO2 catalyst and bond energy of CCl in the compounds of chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorocarbons, suggesting that the rate controlling step was the cleavage of CCl bond. 相似文献
2.
Reiji Hattori Shuhei Yamada Yoshitomo Masuda Norio Nihei 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2004,12(1):75-80
Abstract— We have developed new powder materials that exhibit liquid behavior, which can lead to the realization of novel bistable and reflective displays having paper‐white appearance, high contrast, and quick response. Two types of display were demonstrated, one had 160 × 160 array of pixels and the other had 320 × 320 in a 3.1‐in.‐diagonal viewable image size corresponding to 66 and 132 dpi, respectively. These displays were driven by passive‐matrix addressing. The displays showed a reflectivity of more than 41%, a contrast more than 1:10, and a pixel response time of less than 0.2 msec. The seven‐segment display for use in clocks was also demonstrated. 相似文献
3.
The tensile strengths and elongations of starch films prepared from various unmodified and modified starches were measured. These properties were improved by addition of urea and polyvinyl alcohol to the starch paste. The results obtained were as follows.
- 1 The heating temperature greatly affected the tensile strength and elongation of various unmodified starches. Potato starch gave the best film.
- 2 Introduction of hydroxyethyl groups into corn starch had unexpectedly little affect on the properties of the films.
- 3 A combination of hydroxyethylation and acid-modification slightly improved the properties of the films.
- 4 No film could be obtained after combinations of hydroxyethylation and hypochlorite-oxidation, pyrodextrinization or α-amylase-dextrinization. However, addition of urea to these modified starches resulted in good films.
- 5 On addition of urea the elongation of starch films increased and the pastes adhered uniformly to water repellent surfaces.
- 6 A film with the best properties was prepared from a mixture of 67% acid-modified hydroxyethyl starch, 13% urea and 20% polyvinyl alcohol.
4.
5.
We present an efficient framework for generating marbled textures that can be exported into a vector graphics format based on an explicit surface tracking method. The proposed method enables artists to create complex and realistic marbling textures that can be used for design purposes. Our algorithm is unique in that the marbling paint on the surface of water is represented as an enclosed contour and is advected by fluid flow to deform the marbling silhouette. In contrast to previous methods, in which the shape is tracked with a concentration density field in Eulerian grids, our approach facilitates greater complexity that is free from grid resolution and per-pixel computation while retaining real-time performance. To forestall the propagation of large vertices, we adaptively resample the contours, exploiting the curvature and the turbulence of the fluid as criteria. At the convection phase, we parallelly advect contour particles on a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) in addition to applying volume corrections. Finally, we quickly remove extremely thin lines in shapes to remove dozens of vertices. We performed our method with an interactive prototype to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method in several scenarios. 相似文献
6.
Goal theory postulates that harder goals lead to higher performance than do easier goals. The present study tested the prediction, based on expectancy valence theory, that this would be true only if the payoff for succeeding at the harder goal is sufficiently greater than the alternatives to compensate for its greater difficulty. 63 undergraduates were each given an easy and a hard task/goal, requiring the comparison of paired sets of 3-digit numbers. Expectancy theory measures for the 2 goals were obtained from Ss. Performance was higher for the hard goal than for the easy goal, supporting the goal theory postulate. Force was also higher for the hard goal than for the easy goal. In addition, force change across the 2 goals was associated with performance change, supporting the conclusion that expectancy valence theory can predict the goal theory postulate. The valence of goal attainment was higher for the hard goal than for the easy goal. Valence change across the 2 goals was associated with performance change to a greater degree than was expectancy change, suggesting that the attained performance difference can be attributed to the valence difference. (10 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
7.
Ryo Sakurai Shingo Ohno Shin‐ichi Kita Yoshitomo Masuda Reiji Hattori 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2007,15(2):127-131
Abstract— Color displays and flexible displays that use electronic liquid powder have been developed. Novel types of color displays using either a colored powder or a color filter are discussed. We have also developed a flexible display with low‐cost substrate films with a high‐throughput roll‐to‐roll manufacturing method. These technologies enable a QR‐LPD to be widely used as an electronic‐paper display. 相似文献
8.
Detection of Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157 and O26 in food by plating methods and LAMP method: a collaborative study 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hara-Kudo Y Konishi N Ohtsuka K Hiramatsu R Tanaka H Konuma H Takatori K 《International journal of food microbiology》2008,122(1-2):156-161
In order to establish a rapid and sensitive method for the detection of Verotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157 and O26, a collaborative study was conducted focusing on a comparison of the efficiency of loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) assay targeting the Verocytotoxin (also called Shiga toxin) gene, utilizing a direct plating method and a plating method with immunomagnetic separation (IMS-plating method) using various agar media. In combination with enrichment with the modified EC supplemented with novobiocin, E. coli O157 was detected in most samples of ground beef and alfalfa sprouts by LAMP assay, the direct plating method and the IMS-plating method. E. coli O26 was detected in approximately 100% of the food samples by LAMP assay. However, the IMS-plating and direct plating methods recovered 80 and 50% in ground beef samples, respectively. As a result, it was demonstrated the LAMP assay is superior to the IMS-plating method. Based on these results, it appears LAMP assay is effective as a screening assay to detect E. coli O157 and O26 from positive samples. 相似文献
9.
Box and Hill's method was applied to discriminate between two mechanistic models for the catalytic hydrogenation of propylene. A sequential experimental design procedure, this method makes use of a discrimination criterion obtained from information theory. 相似文献
10.
In real-time systems, the scheduling plays an important role to carry out all tasks within predefined time frames. The scheduling problem, however, is known to be intractable, that is, NP-hard or NP-complete for most cases (Garey and Johnson 1979). In this paper, one of the neural computation techniques is introduced to solve it within a limited time under the hard real-time environment, instead of improving algorithms on conventional computers. Although the neural computation can be realized on a multiprocessor, a special hardware using neural networks is designed to obtain the schedule results without overhead. 相似文献