农产品加工业不同模式用水定额研究

近年来,农产品加工行业出现了多种加工模式,不同加工模式的用水流程有着较大的差异性,单一的农产品用水定额已经不适应现在复杂多变的行业模式.在实地调研的基础上,以具有行业代表性的脱水蔬菜企业为研究对象分析农产品加工行业用水现状,根据脱水蔬菜具体用水流程和用水量,将生产模式分为外加工、自加工,将自加工过程分为清洗、烫煮、冷却、消毒、烘干、车间和设备清洗6个环节,分析导致用水情况差异的影响因子,再分类确定用水定额,外加工生产企业用水定额值为6.4 m3/t,自加工生产企业用水定额值为54.0 m3/t,自加工各类细分用水定额值为39.9～60.0m3/t.     

原位反应自发渗透法TiC／AZ91D镁基复合材料及AZ91D镁合金的拉伸变形与断裂行为

利用原位反应自发渗透技术合成了47．5％碳化钛TiC（体积分数，下同）增强AZ91D镁基复合材料，对比研究了该复合材料与铸态镁合金AZ91D基体的室温与高温拉伸变形行为，观察了拉伸断口微观组织形貌，并分析了这两种材料的断裂特征。结果表明，TiC／Mg复合材料具有良好的高温力学性能，在拉伸变形速率为0．001s^-1以及温度为723K，时其拉伸强度可达91．1MPa，而此时相同变形条件下的铸态AZ91D镁合金拉伸断裂强度只有41．1MPa，增幅达120％。而在室温下，镁基复合材料的拉伸断裂强度仅高出基体铸态镁合金23．4％。镁基复合材料的断裂应变较低，高低温时均表现为脆性断裂；而镁合金则由室温下的脆性断裂向高温下的韧性断裂过渡。     

新型机械设备在我国陶瓷工业中的应用

陶瓷机械设备在整个陶瓷工业生产中占有非常重要的地位，因此陶瓷设备的研究也越来越受到人们的重视，先进的陶瓷生产设备也层出不穷。目前，一些新型的陶瓷机械设备已经开始在我国的陶瓷工业中得到应用．包括陶瓷工业的原料粉磨机械设备、脱水及干燥设备、成形设备、修坯施釉以及陶瓷精加工机械设备，这些设备大大促进了我国陶瓷工业生产水平的提高。     

板材轧制问题中的变形与应力

根据全息干涉法对板材轧制成形中的变形进行分析，假设三种典型轧制板的截面形状模型，计算了纵向非均匀应变分布，给出了其所产生的残余应力及其失稳起皱时的临界参数计算公式。与实测结果比较，变形的最大误差为11％。     

Classification of semantic relations between nominals

The NLP community has shown a renewed interest in deeper semantic analyses, among them automatic recognition of semantic relations in text. We present the development and evaluation of a semantic analysis task: automatic recognition of relations between pairs of nominals in a sentence. The task was part of SemEval-2007, the fourth edition of the semantic evaluation event previously known as SensEval. Apart from the observations we have made, the long-lasting effect of this task may be a framework for comparing approaches to the task. We introduce the problem of recognizing relations between nominals, and in particular the process of drafting and refining the definitions of the semantic relations. We show how we created the training and test data, list and briefly describe the 15 participating systems, discuss the results, and conclude with the lessons learned in the course of this exercise.     

On-chip whole blood plasma separator based on microfiltration,sedimentation and wetting contrast

Miniaturized on-chip blood separators have a great value for point-of-care diagnosis. In our work, a combined design strategy—microfiltration, sedimentation in a retarded flow, and wetting contrast—was taken to overcome the known limitations of on-chip blood separators. Our microfluidic chip consists of a polydimethylsiloxane micropillar array and an etched glass with microchannel branches. The red blood cells are significantly slowed and gradually settled down due to micropillars and enlarged dimension of a chamber. An etched glass microchannel allows the extraction of blood plasma exclusively due to the capillary effect. The fabricated microfluidic device can separate blood plasma from a whole blood sample without any external driving force or dilution. The measured plasma separation efficiency was close to 100 % from human whole blood. Autonomous on-chip separation and collection of blood plasma was demonstrated.     

Hierarchical type-2 neuro-fuzzy BSP model

This paper presents a novel hybrid interval type-2 neuro-fuzzy inference system, with automatic learning of all its parameters, to handle uncertainty. This new model, called hierarchical type-2 neuro-fuzzy BSP model (T2-HNFB), combines the paradigms of the type-2 fuzzy inference systems and neural networks with recursive partitioning techniques (binary space partitioning - BSP). The model is able to automatically create and expand its own structure, to reduce limitations on the number of inputs and to extract fuzzy linguistic rules from a dataset, as well as to efficiently model and manipulate most types of uncertainty existing in real situations. In addition, it provides an interval for its output, which can be regarded as a measure of uncertainty and constitutes important information for real applications. In this context, this model overcomes the limitations of the conventional type-2 and type-1 fuzzy inference systems. Experimental results show that the results provided by the T2-HNFB model are close to and in several cases better than the best results supplied by the other models used for comparison.     

沧州市深层地下水对区域经济社会发展的支撑作用评价

在资源型缺水地区经济社会发展过程中,深层地下水所起的支撑作用明显且存在差异,需要对深层地下水的支撑作用进行定量评价。通过构建深层地下水资源支撑度指标评价体系及其数学模型,对河北省沧州市典型县(市)深层地下水在经济社会发展过程中所起的支撑作用进行了定量评价。     

Designing reliability information flows

It is well-known [Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf. 75 (2002) 295] that in modern development processes it is essential to have an information flow structure that facilitates fast feedback from product users (customers) to departments at the front end, in particular development and production. As information is only relevant if it is used when taking decisions, this paper presents a guideline for building field feedback information flows that facilitate the decision taking during the product creation and realisation process. The guideline takes into consideration that the type of decisions depends on the span-of-control, therefore following Parsons [Structure and Process in Modern Societies (1990)] the span-of-control is subdivided into the following three levels: strategic, tactic, and executive. The guideline is illustrated with a case in which it is used for analysing the quality of existing field feedback flows.