Formation of Arrayed Droplets by Soft Lithography and Two-Phase Fluid Flow, and Application in Protein Crystallization

This paper presents an overview of our recent work on the use of soft lithography and two-phase fluid flow to form arrays of droplets. The crucial issues in the formation of stable arrays of droplets and alternating droplets of two sets of aqueous solutions include the geometry of the microchannels, the capillary number, and the water fraction of the system. Glass capillaries could be coupled to the PDMS microchannels and droplets could be transferred into glass capillaries for long-term storage. The arrays of droplets have been applied to screen the conditions for protein crystallization with microbatch and vapor diffusion techniques.     

Use of oxygen for the cleaning, passivation, and preservation of power-generating equipment at the Kharanorskaya SAPP

Studies conducted on two power-generating units at the Kharanorskaya SAPP relative to the steam-water-oxygen passivation, preservation, and partial cleaning of all boiler-heating surfaces, including the surfaces of the reheater, and passivation of the surfaces of the high-pressure heaters on the steam and water sides by the steam-oxygen method, as well as partial passivation, preservation, and cleaning of turbine blading are presented. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 6, pp. 56–64, May, 2006.     

Preparation of fibres based on copolymers of acrylonitrile,methyl acrylate,and acrylic or methacrylic acid

Conclusions -- The preparation of fibres from copolymers of acrylonitrile with methyl acrylate and acrylic or methacrylic acid by spinning using the thiocyanate method has been examined.-- The possibility has been demonstrated of preparing fibres from these copolymers which have high physico-mechanical properties and the expensive, relatively scarce itaconic acid has been replaced by the cheaper and more available acrylic or methacrylic acid.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 22–23, July–August, 1990.     

Principle of selection and mechanism of action of polymer additives in modification of polyacrylonitrile fiber

Based on theoretical and experimental data, a correlation was demonstrated between the stability factor of concentrated solutions, difference in the glass transition temperatures of the components of the mixtures, and reaction parameter between polymers. It was found that the polymer reaction parameter can be used as the criterion for selecting the optimum concentration of the second component in fabrication of fibers from polymer blends. The doping role of small amounts of polymer additives in PAN, which causes an extreme increase in the physicomechanical and especially the fatigue properties of fibers from polymer blends, was demonstrated.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 12–14, July–August, 1992.     

A new class of portable X-ray apparatuses based on carbon nanocluster cathodes

Principles of the development of high-power pulsed X-ray sources based on explosive emission from carbon nanoclusters are stated. Designs and main parameters of the developed X-ray tubes ( the electron flow exciting the X-ray radiation is 100?500 А, the voltage is 20?150 kV, the pulse length is 10?20 ns, and the nanosecond pulse repetition rate is 1?10³ Hz) are reported.     

Shaping of polymer paper as filler for three-layer panels

The deformation of Nomex^® polymer paper in bending and creasing is investigated. The main factors in the process are the force, the tool’s rounding radius, the hardness of the matrix, and the paper thickness. Formulas are derived for the flexure angle after load removal.