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排序方式: 共有1303条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
Ryo Hashikawa Yasuhiro Fujii Atsushi Kinomura Takeshi Saito Arifumi Okada Takashi Wakasugi Kohei Kadono 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2019,102(4):1642-1651
Radiophotoluminescence phenomena have been widely investigated on various types of materials for dosimetry applications. We report that an aluminoborosilicate glass containing 0.005 mol% copper exhibits intense photoluminescence in the visible region induced by X-ray and γ-ray irradiation. The luminescence is assigned to the 3d94s1 → 3d10 transition of Cu+. The proportionality of the intensity of the induced photoluminescence to the irradiation dose was confirmed up to 0.5 kGy using 60Co γ-ray irradiation. Based on the spectroscopic results, a potential mechanism was proposed for the enhancement of the photoluminescence. The exposure to the ionizing radiation generates electron-hole pairs in the glass, and the electrons are subsequently captured by the Cu2+ ions, which are converted to Cu+ and emit the luminescence. For the glass containing 0.01 mol% copper, the pronounced enhancement of the photoluminescence was not observed because the reverse reaction, ie, the capture of the holes by the Cu+ ions, becomes prominent. The photoluminescence induced by the irradiation was stably observed for the glasses kept at room temperature and even for the glasses heat-treated at 150°C. However, the induced photoluminescence could be eliminated by the heat treatment at a temperature at 500°C, and the glass returned to the initial pre-irradiation state. The Cu-doped aluminoborosilicate glass is a potential candidate for use in dosimetry applications. 相似文献
2.
Isothermal nucleic-acid amplification methods such as Loop-Mediated isothermal AMPlification (LAMP) are increasingly appealing alternatives to PCR for use in portable diagnostic system due to the low cost, weight, and power requirements of the instrumentation. As such, interest in developing new probes and other functionality based on the LAMP reaction has been intense. Here, we report on the development of duplexed LAMP assays for pathogen detection using spectrally unique Assimilating Probes. As proof of principle, we used a reaction for Salmonella enterica as a model coupled with a reaction for λ-phage DNA as an internal control, as well as a duplexed assay to sub-type specific quarantine strains of the bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum. Detection limits for bacterial DNA analyzed in individual reactions was less than 100 genomic equivalents in all cases, and increased by one to two orders of magnitude when reactions were coupled in duplexed formats. Even so, due to the more robust activity of newly available strand-displacing polymerases, the duplexed assays reported here were more powerful than analogous individual reactions reported only a few years ago, and represent a significant advance for incorporation of internal controls to validate assay results in the field. 相似文献
3.
Creating the brain and interacting with the brain: an integrated approach to understanding the brain
In the past two decades, brain science and robotics have made gigantic advances in their own fields, and their interactions have generated several interdisciplinary research fields. First, in the ‘understanding the brain by creating the brain’ approach, computational neuroscience models have been applied to many robotics problems. Second, such brain-motivated fields as cognitive robotics and developmental robotics have emerged as interdisciplinary areas among robotics, neuroscience and cognitive science with special emphasis on humanoid robots. Third, in brain–machine interface research, a brain and a robot are mutually connected within a closed loop. In this paper, we review the theoretical backgrounds of these three interdisciplinary fields and their recent progress. Then, we introduce recent efforts to reintegrate these research fields into a coherent perspective and propose a new direction that integrates brain science and robotics where the decoding of information from the brain, robot control based on the decoded information and multimodal feedback to the brain from the robot are carried out in real time and in a closed loop. 相似文献
4.
H. Sakata A. Katagiri M. Yokoi T. Kato H. Morimoto 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》2003,131(3-4):275-279
We have measured the tunneling spectra in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 with a scanning tunneling microscope(STM) at various tip-sample distances by changing the tunneling conductance in a controlled manner. When the tunneling conductance is increased from 1×10–9 to 1×10–5 S, the spectra do not show changes in particular. However, the gap value decreases steeply and the asymmetric back ground density of states turns inverted V-shaped one above 6×10–4 S. The changes in the tunneling spectra at the high tunneling conductances are explained by the enhancement of the local carrier density induced by the pressure that the STM tip applied to the sample. 相似文献
5.
Mine K. Kubota N. Morimoto F. Sanada M. Zhang Qi 《Electromagnetic Compatibility, IEEE Transactions on》1994,36(3):253-255
This short paper discusses the method of effectively canceling equal status normal mode noise not only on a sensor line but also on a transmission line of an optical instrument using a sensor with a sensordummy resistance 相似文献
6.
Yoshitomi T. Saito M. Ohguro T. One M. Momose H.S. Morifuji E. Morimoto T. Katsumata Y. Iwai H. 《Electron Devices, IEEE Transactions on》1998,45(6):1295-1299
A silicided silicon-sidewall source and drain (S4D) structure is proposed for sub-0.1-μm devices. The merit of the S4D structure is that the series resistance of the source and drain is significantly reduced since the silicide layer is attached very close to the gate electrode and the silicon sidewall can be doped very highly. Thus, very high drain current drive can be expected, Another advantage of this structure is that the source and drain extensions are produced by the solid-phase diffusion of boron from the highly doped silicon-sidewall. Thus, shallow extensions with very high doping can be realized. A 75-nm gate length pMOSFET fabricated with this structure is shown to exhibit excellent electrical characteristics 相似文献
7.
热压/热变形Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe纳米双相永磁体的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了制备各向异性块状Nd2Fe14B/α—Fe纳米双相永磁体,研究了热压/热变形工艺参数与样品微观组织结构、磁性能之间的关系。结果表明,饱和磁化强度Js随模压温度的升高而提高;而剩磁Jr、内禀矫顽力Hcj和最大磁能积(BH)max开始都随模压温度的升高而上升,但超过一定温度后反而降低;同时提高热压压力会使磁性能增加,而热变形温度对磁性能影响很小。热变形后样品垂直于压力方向的磁性能略高于平行于压力方向,呈现出轻微的各向异性。Nd2Fe14B/α—Fe纳米双相永磁材料在热压/热变形后没有产生晶粒的择优长大,在晶体学上仍然是各向同性的。 相似文献
8.
T Tsujimura T Furitsu M Morimoto Y Kanayama S Nomura Y Matsuzawa Y Kitamura Y Kanakura 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,106(4):377-385
The c-kit protooncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase that mediates signals required for differentiation, proliferation and survival of mast cells. We have already shown the constitutive activation of c-kit receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT) in a human mast cell leukemia line (HMC-1) and a murine mastocytoma cell line (P-815). We here examined whether such constitutive activation of KIT occurred in the rat tumor mast cell line RBL-2H3 as well, which is frequently used as a tool for studying functions of mast cells. In RBL-2H3 cells, KIT was constitutively phosphorylated on tyrosine and activated in the absence of autocrine production of its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF). Sequencing analysis revealed that one of c-kit genes of RBL-2H3 cells had a point mutation, resulting in amino acid substitution of Tyr for Asp in codon 817. When rat wild-type c-kit cDNA and mutant-type c-kit cDNA encoding KITTyr817 were transfected into cells of a human embryonic kidney cell line (293T), only mutant form KITTyr817 was constitutively phosphorylated on tyrosine and activated in the absence of SCF. Since mutations at the same Asp codon constitutively activated KIT in all the human HMC-1, murine P-815, and rat RBL-2H3 cell lines, and since the incorporation of antisense oligonucleotides of c-kit messenger RNA significantly suppressed the proliferation of RBL-2H3 cells, the activating mutations in the Asp codon of the c-kit gene appeared to be involved in neoplastic growth of mast cells. 相似文献
9.
Motoharu Fujigaki In Hong Yang Yoshiharu Morimoto Eung Kyo Han 《NDT & E International》1996,29(4):197-203
There is no good method to measure the shape and the strain distributions of a structure changing with time. We have previously proposed the Fourier transform grid method (FTGM) to measure the three-dimensional shape and surface strain distributions of stationary objects by analysing the two-dimensional grating images recorded with two cameras. In the stereoscopic method, it is very important to determine the accurate geometric parameters of the camera system. In this paper, the positions and the directions of cameras are accurately determined using the FTGM applied to images of a reference object on which a two-dimensional grating is drawn. Applications for analysing shape and strain distributions of vibrating rubber plates and a moving human skin are shown. 相似文献
10.
Satoshi Takeuchi Ryo Sugihara 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》1998,410(3):104-508
The longitudinal electric field of single and double Gaussian laser beams are used to accelerate electrons. The longitudinal field of the single beam is concentrated on the axis and is favourable for acceleration. A set of two beams is considered. Beams run parallel, collinearly, overlap partially and have a phase difference iπ in between. As a result, the transverse components of fields cancel each other while the longitudinal components are double-fold. In both schemes, the electrons are accelerated in lengths of the Rayleigh range, which is common to the plasma-based accelerators. 相似文献