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1.
MASAKATSU SAEKI SHIN-ICHI OHNO ENZO TACHIKAWA NAOTO AZUMA TETSUO MIYAZAKI KENJI FUEKI 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1985,68(3):151-155
Behavior of deuterium atoms in fused silica, which were implanted by 80-keV D+ (D2 + , D3 + ) ions or doped thermally by D2 (or D2 O), was studied by infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and by ESR spectroscopy. When 80-keV deuteron ions are implanted into fused silica, OD bonds are formed. The OD bonds are also formed by thermal doping with D2 or D2 O. When the deuterated silica is γ-ray irradiated at 77 K, D atoms are formed by rupture of the OD bonds. The efficiency of the OD bond rupture in the deuteron-implanted silica is much less than that in the D2 -doped silica. It is concluded from the results of thermal annealing that the low efficiency of the OD bond rupture in the deuteron-implanted silica is due to the radiation damage accompanying the implantation process. However, the decay rate and detrapping energy of deuterium atoms, once formed in the silica, are similar in both cases. 相似文献
2.
SHIN-ICHI IWAI TAKASHI WATANABE ICHIRO MINATO KIYOSHI OKADA† HIDEKI MORIKAWA 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1980,63(1-2):44-46
Thermal decomposition of mullite into corundum was investigated using a high-temperature X-ray single-crystal camera equipped with a gas-flame furnace and by scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). When heated to ∼1750°C, mullite decomposed to corundum by the liberation of the SiO2 component with topotaxial relations of:
Thus, it was considered that, when mullite decomposed into corundum, their oxygen close-packed planes were almost preserved. The SEM photographs showed that the crystals of the developed corundum are prismatic and ∼5 μm wide. The EPMA showed that the phase boundary between mullite and developed corundum is discontinuous. 相似文献
- (1)
(310)
mull ∥(001)cor ; [001]mull ∥[110]cor - (2)
(130)
mull ∥(001)cor ; [001]mull ∥[110]cor - (3)
(110)
mull ∥(001)cor ; [001]mull ∥[110]cor
Thus, it was considered that, when mullite decomposed into corundum, their oxygen close-packed planes were almost preserved. The SEM photographs showed that the crystals of the developed corundum are prismatic and ∼5 μm wide. The EPMA showed that the phase boundary between mullite and developed corundum is discontinuous. 相似文献
3.
NAOTO AZUMA TETSUO MIYAZAKI KENJI FUEKI ISAO SAKAGUCHI SHIN-ICHI HIRANO 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1986,69(1):19-22
Cleavage of the O–H bond in quartz was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ESR spectroscopy. When quartz single crystals and fused silica glass are γ-irradiated at 77 K, hydrogen atoms are produced by rupture of O–H bonds. The initial efficiency of O–H bond cleavage in quartz single crystals, i.e. the initial yield of H atoms, was three times as great as that in fused silica glass, although the concentration of O–H bonds in quartz single crystals (70 ppm) is much lower than that in fused silica glass (4000 ppm). The efficiency of O–H bond cleavage in quartz single crystals indicates that energy transfer from the irradiated single crystal to the O–H bonds takes place effectively at 77 K. The efficiency of O–H bond cleavage decreases with increasing γ-ray dose, i.e. with increasing amounts of radiation-induced defects in quartz single crystals. When the radiation-induced defects are removed by annealing the irradiated quartz single crystal at 773 K, the O–H bonds are ruptured again as effectively as for a fresh quartz single crystal. The distance of the energy transfer, estimated by a target model, is ∼15 nm. 相似文献
4.
SHIN-ICHI SHIRASAKI KOICHIRO TAKAHASHI KAZUYUKI KAKEGAWA 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1973,56(8):430-435
A series of lead titanates containing lattice defects was prepared and characterized in terms of inhomogeneously distributed vacancies, □Pb and □O• . The tetragonal lattice strain and the Curie temperature varied as functions of the Pb or O deficiency in the crystals. The tetragonal strain for these crystals decreased slowly with increasing temperature as the Curie temperature was approached. The phase transition, which extends over a temperature interval, is interpreted according to a model in which microregions in the crystal differ in composition and therefore have different Curie temperatures. 相似文献
5.
HIDEKI MORIKAWA SHIN-ICHI MIWA MICHIHIRO MIYAKE FUMIYUKI MARUMO TOSHIYUKI SATA 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1982,65(2):78-81
The structure of SiO2 -Al2 O3 glasses with up to 60 wt% Al2 O3 was investigated using the radial distribution function together with the correlation method based on X-ray scattering intensity data. Radial distribution curves are interpreted on the basis of glass-in-glass separation with the constituents of SiO2 -rich and Al2 O3 -rich glasses. The structure of the Al2 O3 -rich glass has a short-range ordering similar to the crystal structure of mullite. The calculated S- i (S) curve of this model gives good agreement with the observed one. 相似文献
6.
SHIN-ICHI HIRANO TAKAYUKI YAMAGUCHI SHIGEHARU NAKA 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1981,64(12):734-736
Aluminum nitride was found to act as the catalyst for the synthesis of cubic BN by sealing the mixture of hexagonal BN and AIN in a pressure cell under the inert or reducing atmosphere. No conversion of hexagonal BN to cubic BN was observed under pressures below 7×109 Pa (7 GPa, 70 kbar) without AIN addition. All hexagonal BN could be completely converted to cubic BN under 6.5 GPa at 1600°C by the addition of 20 mol% AIN. The cubic BN thus synthesized was a typical tetrahedron (grain size ≅2 μm). The pressure-temperature diagram for the synthesis of cubic BN was determined at >7 GPa and T <1700°C. 相似文献
7.
8.
K. KAKEGAWA J. MOHRI S. SHIRASAKI K. TAKAHASHI 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1982,65(10):515-519
Tetragonal and rhombohedral phases always coexist in Pb(Zrx Til1−x )03 near the morphotropic phase boundary compositions (0.52≤x≤0.55) when prepared by solid-solid reaction among the constituent oxides. A special technique was developed to obtain perovskite ceramics exhibiting no co-existence in the boundary compositions, in which no compositional fluctuation occurred in the B site of the perovskite structure. Even these monophasic perovskite ceramics of the morphotropic phase boundary compositions were two-phase with the lapse of time after poling. This phenomenon is interpreted in terms of thermodynamics. It is suggested that this phenomenon may closely relate to the origin of aging in piezoelectrics. 相似文献
9.
SHIN-ICHI HIRANO TAKASHI HAYASHI TOMOYUKI KAGEYAMA 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1987,70(3):171-174
Crystalline fine powders of LiAlO2 can be prepared by hydrolysis of metal alkoxides for application to the breeder blanket in nuclear fusion. The precipitates were fine crystalline particles of β-LiAlO2 of ∼0.1-μm size under controlled conditions. The transformation from β- to γ-phase was confirmed at temperatures between 700° and 750°C. The microstructure of a sintered body at 1000°C consisted of homogeneous fine particles and pores suitable for the blanket material. A fully dense sintered body could be prepared at 1400°C. 相似文献
10.
The phenomena of the bubble formation from an orifice submerged in a liquid is classified according to their formation mechanisms and the estimation expressions of the bubble volume are reviewed The revised two-stage model of bubble formation accompanied by the pressure fluctuation in the gas chamber is presented and the results computed by this model are compared with the experimental results obtained for relatively wider range of gas chamber volume. Effects of some factors on the bubble volume, such as, gas chamber volume, orifice diameter, physical properties of gas and velocity of surrounding liquid are discussed 相似文献