Cubic–Quartic Optical Solitons with Differential Group Delay for Kudryashov’s Model by Extended Trial Function

Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics - This paper implements mathematically rigorous extended trial function algorithm to address cubic–quartic optical solitons in...     

Optimizing the Runoff Estimation with HEC-HMS Model Using Spatial Evapotranspiration by the SEBS Model

Most of the commonly used hydrological models do not account for the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) as a key contributor to water loss in semi-arid/arid regions. In this study, the HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modeling System) model was calibrated, modified, and its performance in simulating runoff resulting from short-duration rainfall events was evaluated. The model modifications included integrating spatially distributed ETa, calculated using the surface energy balance system (SEBS), into the model. Evaluating the model’s performance in simulating runoff showed that the default HEC-HMS model underestimated the runoff with root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.14 m³/s (R²?=?0.92) while incorporating SEBS ETa into the model reduced RMSE to 0.01 m³/s (R²?=?0.99). The integration of HECHMS and SEBS resulted in smaller and more realistic latent heat flux estimates translated into a lower water loss rate and a higher magnitude of runoff simulated by the HECHMS model. The difference between runoff simulations using the default and modified model translated into an average of 95,000 m³ runoff per rainfall event (equal to seasonal water requirement of ten-hectare winter wheat) that could be planned and triggered for agricultural purposes, flood harvesting, and groundwater recharge in the region. The effect of ETa on the simulated runoff volume is expected to be more pronounced during high evaporative demand periods, longer rainfall events, and larger catchments. The outcome of this study signifies the importance of implementing accurate estimates of evapotranspiration into a hydrological model.

     

Enhancing spatial and temporal utilities in differentially private moving objects database release

International Journal of Information Security - The pervasive use of mobile technologies and GPS-equipped vehicles has resulted in a large number of moving objects databases. Privacy protection is...     

Light microscopy of Pakistani Berberis leaf cuticles and its taxonomic implications

Taxonomy of the genus Berberis is quite complex, due to overlapping morphological characters, making it very difficult to differentiate the species within the genus. In order to resolve this taxonomic complexity, the foliar anatomy of 10 Berberis L. species was carried out, for the first time from Pakistan, using light microscopy (LM). Significant variation in terms of epidermal cells shape, size, cell wall pattern, and stomata type was observed. B. baluchistanica has the largest epidermal cells, Adaxial: length = 45–(53.9 ± 3.6)–62.5 μm; and width = 22.5–(26.3 ± 1.3)–30 μm; Abaxial: length = 37.5–(43.25 ± 2.5)–50 μm; and width = 20–(22.6 ± 0.8)–25. The highest number of stomata was observed in B. glaucocarpa as 62 on the abaxial surface while the lowest number of stomata was recorded in B. baluchistanica as 8 on the adaxial surface. Of 10 investigated species, 6 possess anomocytic type stomata, while 2 species that is, B. aitchisonii and B. parkeriana have both anomocytic and anisocytic stomata while B. baluchistanica and B. calliobotrys have only paracytic type stomata. The highest number of cells per unit area was present on the adaxial surface of B. calliobotrys ranging from 245–(252.4)–260 followed by B. parkeriana with 209–(227.8)–250 on the abaxial surface. Stomatal index (SI) also varied considerably and was the lowest (2.6) percentage in B. baluchistanica and highest (31.9) percentage in B. kunawurensis. A taxonomic key based on micro‐morphological characters is provided for species identification.     

Probabilistic approach to multi-objective Volt/Var control of distribution system considering hybrid fuel cell and wind energy sources using Improved Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm

Deregulation and restructuring in power systems, the ever-increasing demand for electricity, and concerns about the environment are the major driving forces for using Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Recently, Wind Farms (WFs) and Fuel Cell Power Plants (FCPPs) have gained great interest by Distribution Companies (DisCos) as the most common RES. In fact, the connection of enormous RES to existing distribution networks has changed the operation of distribution systems. It also affects the Volt/Var control problem, which is one of the most important schemes in distribution networks. Due to the intermittent characteristics of WFs, distribution systems should be analyzed using probabilistic approaches rather than deterministic ones. Therefore, this paper presents a new algorithm for the multi-objective probabilistic Volt/Var control problem in distribution systems including RES. In this regard, a probabilistic load flow based on Point Estimate Method (PEM) is used to consider the effect of uncertainty in electrical power production of WFs as well as load demands. The objective functions, which are investigated here, are the total cost of power generated by WFs, FCPPs and the grid; the total electrical energy losses and the total emission produced by WFs, FCPPs and DisCos. Moreover, a new optimization algorithm based on Improved Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm (ISFLA) is proposed to determine the best operating point for the active and reactive power generated by WFs and FCPPs, reactive power values of capacitors, and transformers’ tap positions for the next day. Using the fuzzy optimization method and max-min operator, DisCos can find solutions for different objective functions, which are optimal from economical, operational and environmental perspectives. Finally, a practical 85-bus distribution test system is used to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Spectral efficiency (SE) enhancement of NOMA system through iterative power assignment

Wireless Networks - This paper studies enhancing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) spectral efficiency (SE) through optimizing the assigned power to each NOMA user depending on their channel...     

Multi carrier energy systems and energy hubs: Comprehensive review,survey and recommendations

In this paper, the multi carrier energy (MCE) systems are reviewed from different point of views including mathematical models, integrated components and technologies, uncertainty management, planning objectives, environmental pollution, resilience, and robustness. The basic of MCE systems is formed by combination of cooling, heating and power (CCHP). The natural gas and electricity are the main inputs to MCE systems and the cooling, heating, and electricity are the common outputs. The regular energy converters in the MCE systems are combined heat and power (CHP), gas boiler, absorption-electrical chillers, power to gas (P2G) and fuel-cell. The generic energy storages are electrical, heating, cooling, hydrogen, carbon dioxide (CO₂) and hydro systems.