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排序方式: 共有594条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
S Mahanty CL King V Kumaraswami J Regunathan A Maya K Jayaraman JS Abrams EA Ottesen TB Nutman 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,151(7):3704-3711
Helminth infections in humans and animals are associated with strong T helper 2 (Th2) responses. To determine whether parasite-derived Ag preferentially expand a Th2-like cell population, a filter immunoplaque assay was used to enumerate the frequencies (F0) of PBMC and CD4(+)-enriched PBMC from individuals with helminth infections secreting selected cytokines in response to parasite-derived (PAg) and nonparasite antigens (NPAg). In 20 individuals with lymphatic filariasis, frequency analysis of PBMC secreting IL-4 and IFN-gamma indicated that the F0 of PAg-specific IL-4-secreting cells (geometric mean F0 (GM): 1/12,100) was 57-fold higher than the corresponding F0 of NPAg-reactive cells (GM: 1/692,000; p < 0.02). In marked contrast, the F0 of IFN-gamma-secreting cells responding to PAg (GM: 1/2,700) did not differ from those of cells specific for NAPg (GM: 1/3,400; p = 0.83). In another group of helminth-infected individuals, the F0 of highly enriched CD4+ cells secreting IL-4 and IL-5 in response to PAg (GMs: 1/2,600 and 1/5,600 CD4+ cells, respectively) were also found to be significantly higher than those specific for NPAg (GMs: 1/291,000 and 1/303,000 CD4+; p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively), whereas the corresponding F0 of IFN-gamma- and granulocyte-macrophage-CSF-secreting cells were equivalent for PAg and NPag. Furthermore, the proportion of PAg-specific IL-4- and IL-5-secreting CD4+ cells relative to all cells secreting the given cytokine were approximately 29-fold higher than the proportion of NPAg-specific cells secreting these cytokines. Again, the corresponding proportions of Ag-specific IFN-gamma-and GM-CSF-secreting CD4+ cells were equivalent for PAg and NPAg. Thus, in this ex vivo system, a circulating population of IL-4- and IL-5-secreting (Th2-like) cells has been shown to exist in humans; PAg appears to expand these cells preferentially. 相似文献
2.
A Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope equipped with a gold image furnace was used to directly observe the precipitation of MnS during solidification of high sulphur steels under isothermal conditions in the temperature region 1440 to 1480°C on the free surface of the steel melt. For the case of Al‐killed steels, below 1480°C MnS particles were found to precipitate with Fe forming simultaneously around them. This MnS containing structure continued to grow rapidly (264 μm/s) as a surface film. The film gradually changed, as the level of S in the melt decreased, into a eutectic structure (with lamella spacing of 2 μm) as predicted by thermodynamics. In Si‐ killed steels there was significantly lower tendency to form MnS both in terms of time until precipitation occurred and growth rate. 相似文献
3.
Iron molybdate (Fe2MoO4) powders with an average particle size of 100 μm were reduced by hydrogen using a fluidized-bed batch reactor in the temperature range of 923 to 1173 K. The extent of the
reaction was followed as a function of time by gas chromatography. The fluidizing-gas velocity was set at about 1.5 times
the minimum fluidization velocity. The ratio of the height of the static bed to its diameter is about 1. Under the prevailing
experimental conditions, it was found that the chemical reaction was the rate-controlling factor. The activation energy for
this process was 158±17 kJ/mol. The crystal size of the Fe2Mo powder produced at lower temperatures was in the nanometer range, indicating the possibility of mass production of alloys
and intermetallics in the nanorange, using a fluidized bed. 相似文献
4.
High-power 1320-nm wafer-bonded VCSELs with tunnel junctions 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
V. Jayaraman M. Mehta A.W. Jackson S. Wu Y. Okuno J. Piprek J.E. Bowers 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2003,15(11):1495-1497
A new long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser structure is described that utilizes AlGaAs-GaAs mirrors bonded to AlInGaAs-InP quantum wells with an intracavity buried tunnel junction. This structure offers complete wavelength flexibility in the 1250-1650 nm fiber communication bands and reduces the high free-carrier losses and bonded junction voltage drops in previous devices. The intracavity contacts electrically bypass the bonded junctions to reduce threshold voltage. N-type current spreading layers and undoped AlGaAs mirrors minimize optical losses. This has enabled 134/spl deg/C maximum continuous-wave lasing temperature, 2-mW room-temperature continuous-wave single-mode power, and 1-mW single-mode power at 80/spl deg/C, in various devices in the 1310-1340 nm wavelength range. 相似文献
5.
6.
The theories for modulus and strength of short fibre-reinforced composite materials are based on the calculation of the force sustained by fibres crossing an arbitrary line perpendicular to the applied load, called the scan line, in a thin, rectangular specimen. The widely referenced Fukuda-Kawata modulus theory and the Fukuda-Chou strength theory are based on an apparently incorrect procedure for the calculation of the force sustained by the fibres crossing the scan line. The error is explained in detail by comparing the Fukuda-Kawata modulus theory and the Cox modulus theory. The magnitude of this error is calculated for specific cases. 相似文献
7.
8.
Guna Seetharaman 《Theoretical computer science》1995,140(2):319-331
It is proposed to enhance and simplify the programming of a two dimensional (2-D) torus (and mesh) connected SIMD array of simple processing elements (PEs) by introducing two dedicated communication registers in each PE. A new SIMD algorithm to transpose a matrix using only two buffers at each PE is described. A method is proposed to effectively realize large number of arbitrary, one-to-one, personalized, and concurrent communication between the PEs, by suitably repeating the matrix transpose algorithm. Implementation of several image processing tasks of shift-variant nature, such as hough transform, histogram, median filters, which involve such communication, is enhanced by this approach. The dynamic behavior of such a SIMD implementation is data independent, unlike the ones that employ greedy methods for handling the overall communication. This feature facilitates coordinated use of several independently operating SIMD meshes in a newly emerging computer vision paradigm known as multiview image-sequence analysis (MVISA) for 3-D perception of unstructured dynamic scenes. 相似文献
9.
An X-ray diffraction (sin2
ψ) method has been successfully used to measure the oxidation stresses at room temperature in annealed and electropolished
samples of polycrystalline Ni200 coupons oxidized in the temperature range 760 to 982° C for 4 h. The stresses on the free
surface of the oxide (σ
11 andσ
22) were compressive and the average stress through the thickness
normal to the oxide layer was found to be tensile. Surface stresses on the oxides formed at temperatures up to 927° C were
found to be isotropic and both surface stresses and the average normal stress increased with increasing temperature of oxidation.
At 982° C, the surface stresses were lower and this was attributed to the deformation and fracture of oxide layer resulting
in stress relaxation. 相似文献
10.
V. Devadoss M. Noel K. Jayaraman C. Ahmed Basha 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2003,33(3-4):319-323
The redox behaviour of Mn3+/Mn2+, Co3+/Co2+ and Ce4+/Ce3+ mediators commonly used in indirect oxidation of organic compounds were evaluated in methane sulfonic acid on a glassy carbon working electrode employing cyclic voltammetry. Manganic methanesulfonate exhibits higher instability in dilute methanesulfonic acid. The solid MnO2 formed during disproportionation on the glassy carbon electrode further affects the reproducibility. Cobaltic methanesulfonate formation occurs only at oxygen evolution region rendering the overall oxidation process less efficient. Ceric methane sulfonate formation is highly efficient over a wide acid concentration range. Ceric methanesulfonate can also be employed over a wide temperature range to oxidize different aromatic compounds. 相似文献