Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Can Reduce the Hepatotoxicity of Therapeutic Cargo

Hepatotoxicity is a key concern in the clinical translation of nanotherapeutics because preclinical studies have consistently shown that nanotherapeutics accumulates extensively in the liver. However, clinical‐stage nanotherapeutics have not shown increased hepatotoxicity. Factors that can contribute to the hepatotoxicity of nanotherapeutics beyond the intrinsic hepatotoxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) are poorly understood. Because of this knowledge gap, clinical translation efforts have avoided hepatotoxic molecules. By examining the hepatotoxicity of nanoformulations of known hepatotoxic compounds, it is demonstrated that nanotherapeutics are associated with lower hepatotoxicity than their small‐molecule counterparts. It is also found that the reduced hepatotoxicity is related to the uptake of nanotherapeutics by macrophages in the liver. These findings can facilitate further development and clinical translation of nanotherapeutics.     

第三次工业革命、先进制造业、热处理技术

<正>1中国制造:机遇与挑战并存改革开放30多年来,制造业一直是我国经济发展的强劲动力。经过近10年的快速发展,就总量和规模而言,我国制造业已位居世界第一(图1)。图1 2010年主要国家制造业产出所占比重以2010年世界制造业产出102870亿美元为基础,根据2010年价格计算而得Fig.1 Manufacturing industry output proportion of world main nation in 2010Based on the world manufacturing output of MYM 10287 billion in 2010,according to the 2010 price未来若干年内制造业的持续健康发展仍是我国经济发展的主要动力。未来十年是我国制造业转型升     

Moving House and Housing Preferences in Older Age in Slovenia

Various studies indicate that the elderly are unwilling to move, while health issues are one of the important factors influencing decisions to move. In our study, we tested the willingness of the elderly to accept various housing options based on a large quantitative survey of persons aged 50 and above conducted in 2015 in Slovenia. Our focus was on the respondents’ attitudes to different housing options, especially less-well-known options such as senior cohousing, household groups, family caregiving for elderly people and multigenerational residential buildings. This is relevant for the future development of housing and care policies because in a majority of countries housing markets will need to adapt to the growing elderly populations and their diversified needs. We employ cluster analysis to analyze which housing options are acceptable, how people can be grouped regarding the acceptability of moving house, and the characteristics of these groups.     

Housing Construction in the Transition Period: Slovenia's Non-starter Situation

Notwithstanding the failures of the previous socialist government with regard to housing provision, the level of public housing construction achieved in Slovenia in the period of highest production during the 1970s and 1980s is, nonetheless, significant. The average number of completions per month in 1975, for example,exceeded the 1994 annual total by approximately 275 housing units. The changes brought about by the new political and socio-economic systems introduced after Slovenia achieved independence from the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1991 which included, inter alia, the reform of the housing finance system, have led to great anomalies in the provision of housing, particularly in the public sector. This paper discusses current housing construction policy in Slovenia, analyses past construction activity and identifies, on the basis of research and empirical observations,the major factors that have influenced the implementation (mostly failures) of housing construction programmes during the transition period. Finally, it suggests that the government has so far failed to introduce the mechanisms urgently required to ensure the successful implementation of the new housing policy objectives.     

高表达抗人TNF-α人-鼠嵌合抗体细胞株的建立及其表达产物的分析

目的建立高表达抗人TNF-α人-鼠嵌合抗体的工程细胞株。方法将构建的抗人TNF-α人-鼠嵌合抗体基因真核表达载体转染CHO细胞,并采用DHFR/MTX基因扩增策略,经反复加压和克隆筛选,提高抗体的表达量。用ELISA、Westernblot和体外中和试验分析比较抗人TNF-α人-鼠嵌合抗体与鼠亲本单抗的特性。结果获得的表达抗人TNF-α嵌合抗体的转染细胞系2F5,在静止培养4d后工程抗体的表达量约80mg/L。所表达的工程抗体优于鼠亲本单抗F7/2,并具有良好的特异性和中和活性,其相对亲和力约为2.1×10-10mol/L。结论已成功建立了高表达的嵌合抗体工程细胞株,其抗体具有潜在的临床应用前景。     

Integration versus segregation in functional brain networks

We propose a new methodology to evaluate the balance between segregation and integration in functional brain networks by using singular value decomposition techniques. By means of magnetoencephalography, we obtain the brain activity of a control group of 19 individuals during a memory task. Next, we project the node-to-node correlations into a complex network that is analyzed from the perspective of its modular structure encoded in the contribution matrix. In this way, we are able to study the role that nodes play I/O its community and to identify connector and local hubs. At the mesoscale level, the analysis of the contribution matrix allows us to measure the degree of overlapping between communities and quantify how far the functional networks are from the configuration that better balances the integrated and segregated activity.