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排序方式: 共有102条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Evolutionary population dynamics and grey wolf optimizer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2.
Mohammad Mahdi Hasani-Sadrabadi Erfan Dashtimoghadam Seyed Nasireddin Saeedi Eslami Ghasem Bahlakeh Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar Karl I. Jacob 《Polymer》2014
This work aims to improve the performance of air-breathing microbial fuel cells (MFCs) through using hydrocarbon polymer based nanocomposite proton exchange membranes. Accordingly, nanocomposite membranes based on sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and montmorillonite (MMT) were investigated for such an application. Although the incorporation of MMT into SPEEK membranes resulted in reduced oxygen permeability as well as proton conductivity, but the overall selectivity was found to be improved. MFC tests revealed that using the optimized nanocomposite membrane (SPEEK-70/MMT-3 wt%) results in a considerably higher open circuit voltage (OCV) compared to the corresponding neat membrane. Moreover, it was found that the SPEEK-70/MMT-3 wt% membrane is able to provide about 40% more power output than Nafion®117. On the account of high proton conductivity, low oxygen permeability, high electrochemical performance, ease of preparation and low cost, hydrocarbon based nanocomposite PEMs could be considered as promising electrolytes to enhance the performance of MFCs. 相似文献
3.
Shahrzad Arshadi Javad Moghaddam Mohammadreza Eskandarian 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2014,31(11):2020-2026
Uptake to cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticle synthesis with various particle sizes and shapes via supersaturation chemistry approach (LaMer model) has been conducted. Ascorbic acid and maltodextrine as reducing agents and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a surfactant were utilized for synthesis of Cu2O nanoparticles in aqueous solution. The narrow particle size range was achieved by controlling the kinetics of nucleation and growth of particles to satisfy LaMer theory. This mean was performed utilizing different reducing agents (ascorbic acid and maltodextrin) and also, changing the reducing agent addition condition. The results showed the reducing agent addition condition, varying the size of Cu2O nanoparticles from 89 nm to 74 nm for drop-wisely and at-once routes, respectively. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results indicate the shape of as-prepared cuprous oxide nanoparticles have close relationship with thermodynamic and kinetic conditions, and also reducing addition condition. 相似文献
4.
Sanaz Naghibi Hamid Reza Madaah Hosseini Mohammad Ali Faghihi Sani Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar Morteza Mehrjoo 《Ceramics International》2014
TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by hydrothermal assisted sol–gel technique. In the next step, as-synthesized NPs were modified by poly ethylene glycol (PEG). Then, folic acid (FA) was conjugated to TiO2–PEG. Finally, Doxorubicin (Dox) as an anticancer drug was loaded on as-prepared TiO2–PEG–FA nanocarrier. The optimization of TiO2 and FA concentration and the influence of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on photocatalytic activity of nanocarrier and Dox loaded carrier were assessed by utilizing the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)-assay method. 相似文献
5.
Xiang Wang Shahrzad Esmaeili David J. Lloyd 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2006,37(9):2691-2699
The preciptation behavior of the aluminum alloy AA6111 in the advanced stages of aging has been studied using differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM). The results have demonstrated
the formation of various precipitate types and morphologies of quaternaryQ phase andβ (Mg2Si) families at the peak-aged condition and during overaging at different temperatures. The work has clarified the sequence
ofQ phase formation and showed evidence for a new morphology of this phase. The sequence of precipitation in AA6111 is elaborated
in light of the new findings. 相似文献
6.
George Ting Brian Carrie Terri Freitas Shahrzad Zarghamee 《Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis》1999,3(1):41-44
In spite of the growing evidence that daily hemodialysis (DHD) improves clinical outcomes and quality of life, the additional dialysis costs are not currently reimbursed in the United States. Nor have there been reports of the effects of DHD on end-stage renal disease (ESRD) global costs, which would help predict the financial impact of DHD on the ESRD program. Since 1996, 22 patients (20 in-center, 2 home) have switched from conventional thrice-weekly dialysis to short, daily dialysis with six treatments per week. Eighteen patients started for medical indications, and four started for nonmedical reasons. Causes of ESRD were the following: diabetes mellitus (6), hypertension (4), glomerulonephritis (6), hereditary (2), and other (4). Mean age was 56 ± 16 years. Patients had an average of 3.3 major comorbidities. Weekly conventional HD dialysis times were divided into six DHD treatments, each 2.0 ± 0.3 hours. Weekly Kt/V remained unchanged. Twenty-two patients were followed on DHD for 220 patient-months: 7 patients died after 1.8 ± 1.3 months, 2 were transplanted at 4.3 ± 3.2 months, and 2 discontinued DHD at 3.6 ± 4.8 months. Eleven patients remain on DHD at 17.4 ± 8.3 months. Actual costs per extra dialysis session are as follows: $14.30 for supplies and $3.20 for labor for setup/cleanup time (15 minutes at $12.80/hour). Annualized DHD savings are based on comparison of doses of epoetin alpha (Epogen) and blood pressure medication at the start and after 12 months of DHD. Hospitalization rates include all enrolled patients, comparing rates for the 12 months prior to DHD with the first year on DHD, or annualized rates for those on DHD less than one year. Cost assumptions are $9/ 1000 U Epogen, $1/blood pressure pill, and $1200/per day of hospitalization. Extra transportation costs were covered by the patients. No increased access problems were observed. For patients on short DHD longer than 12 months, supply and labor costs increased to $2733/patient/year; however, Epogen use was reduced 55%, and blood pressure medications were reduced 40%. For all patients who switched to DHD, hospitalization rates were reduced 24%. This resulted in a net savings of about $4241/patient/ year after 12 months on DHD. Overall ESRD costs were substantially decreased on DHD. These cost savings must be passed on to providers before DHD becomes more widely available. 相似文献
7.
Andrea Harrer Peter Wipfler Georg Pilz Katrin Oppermann Elisabeth Haschke-Becher Shahrzad Afazel J?rg Kraus Eugen Trinka Johann Sellner 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(9):21832-21845
Fingolimod, an oral sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator, is approved for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The interference with S1P signaling leads to retention particularly of chemokine receptor-7 (CCR7) expressing T cells in lymph nodes. The immunological basis of varicella zoster virus (VZV) infections during fingolimod treatment is unclear. Here, we studied the dynamics of systemic and intrathecal immune responses associated with symptomatic VZV reactivation including cessation of fingolimod and initiation of antiviral therapy. Key features in peripheral blood were an about two-fold increase of VZV-specific IgG at diagnosis of VZV reactivation as compared to the previous months, a relative enrichment of effector CD4+ T cells (36% versus mean 12% in controls), and an accelerated reconstitution of absolute lymphocytes counts including a normalized CD4+/CD8+ ratio and reappearance of CCR7+ T cells. In cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) the lymphocytic pleocytosis and CD4+/CD8+ ratios at diagnosis of reactivation and after nine days of fingolimod discontinuation remained unchanged. During this time CCR7+ T cells were not observed in CSF. Further research into fingolimod-associated VZV reactivation and immune reconstitution is mandatory to prevent morbidity and mortality associated with this potentially life-threatening condition. 相似文献
8.
Shahrzad Hosseini Vajargah Hamid Reza Madaah Hosseini Ziarat Ali Nemati 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2008,5(5):464-468
Nanocrystalline Y3− x MM x Fe5 O12 powders (MM denotes Misch-metal, x =0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0) were synthesized by a sol–gel combustion method. Magnetic properties and crystalline structures were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and a scanning electron microscope. The XRD patterns showed that the single-phase garnet of Y3− x MM x Fe5 O12 was formed at x values ≤1.0. The saturation magnetization of powders increased with decreasing MM content and reached the maximum value at Y3 Fe5 O12 . The crystallite size of powders calcined at 800°C for 3 h was in the range of 38–53 nm. 相似文献
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