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1.
We consider the problem of scheduling jobs on related machines owned by selfish agents. We provide a 5-approximation deterministic
truthful mechanism, the first deterministic truthful result for the problem. Previously, Archer and Tardos showed a 2-approximation
randomized mechanism which is truthful in expectation only (a weaker notion of truthfulness). In case the number of machines
is constant, we provide a deterministic Fully Polynomial-Time Approximation Scheme (FPTAS) and a suitable payment scheme that
yields a truthful mechanism for the problem. This result, which is based on converting FPTAS to monotone FPTAS, improves a
previous result of Auletta et al., who showed a (4 + ε)-approximation truthful mechanism. 相似文献
2.
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4.
Examined the effect of immediate stimulus repetition in lexical decision, face recognition, letter search, face/nonface discrimination, and word/number discrimination tasks using reaction time (RT), accuracy, and event-related brain potential (ERP) measures. Repetition facilitated performance in all tasks and for all stimulus types. However, ERPs were strongly affected by repetition only in lexical decision, face recognition, and letter search, when relatively long stimulus analysis and decision making processes were required. The ERP repetition effect consisted of a significant increase in P300 amplitude and a shortening of its latency. Repetition also resulted in the attenuation of a negative component that was tentatively identified as N400. These results suggest that immediate repetition facilitates stimulus identification and eliminates the need for stimulus analysis processes including access to semantic memory while making categorical decisions. While both factors affected RT, ERPs were modulated primarily by the elimination of the need to access to semantic memory and by the consequent speeding of categorical decision processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
5.
Zvi Mendel Lev Zegelman Alfred Hassner Fabienne Assael Miriam Harel Shlomo Tam Ezra Dunkelblum 《Journal of chemical ecology》1995,21(3):331-341
The active component of the sex pheromone ofMatsucoccus josephi is (2E,6E,8E)-5,7-dimethyl-2,6,8-decatrien-4-one; the chemical is also a powerful kairomone of adult males and females of the bugElatophilus hebraicus the principal predator ofM. josephi. The presence of theZ isomer (2E,6Z,8E)-5,7-dimethyl-2,6,8-decatrien-4-one does not interfere with the attractancy of the activeE component forM. josephi males or the bug. Our results show a clear dose-response between trap catch ofM. josephi males andE. hebraicus. Conversely, increasing amounts of theZ isomer in the mixture did not affect the attraction of the scale insect males or the bug. The catch ofM. josephi males did not differ significantly among traps of different color, and was significantly higher with traps attached to the tree trunk than those suspended between trees. Comparison of the catch ofM. josephi among the three forests and between pine species suggests that the level of infestation ofPinus halepepsis andPinus brutia ssp.brutia is similar, despite the fact that the latter pine is resistant to the scale insect. Both sexes ofE. hebraicus were trapped in much lower numbers at the more infested sites. This may be related to interference with the activity ofE. hebraicus due to deterioration and drying of parts of the tree crowns and heavy colonization by generalist predators in injured trees. 相似文献
6.
Dan Raviv Alexander M. Bronstein Michael M. Bronstein Dan Waisman Nir Sochen Ron Kimmel 《Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision》2014,50(1-2):144-163
Traditional models of bendable surfaces are based on the exact or approximate invariance to deformations that do not tear or stretch the shape, leaving intact an intrinsic geometry associated with it. These geometries are typically defined using either the shortest path length (geodesic distance), or properties of heat diffusion (diffusion distance) on the surface. Both measures are implicitly derived from the metric induced by the ambient Euclidean space. In this paper, we depart from this restrictive assumption by observing that a different choice of the metric results in a richer set of geometric invariants. We apply equi-affine geometry for analyzing arbitrary shapes with positive Gaussian curvature. The potential of the proposed framework is explored in a range of applications such as shape matching and retrieval, symmetry detection, and computation of Voroni tessellation. We show that in some shape analysis tasks, equi-affine-invariant intrinsic geometries often outperform their Euclidean-based counterparts. We further explore the potential of this metric in facial anthropometry of newborns. We show that intrinsic properties of this homogeneous group are better captured using the equi-affine metric. 相似文献
7.
Difficulties in integrating technical, economic and institutional factors present a major gap in analytical capacity to guide water policy. This article presents an integrated framework to support water policy and guide water management choices, with application to Israel. That framework rests on the theory of economic policy originally developed by Tinbergen. It sees national water challenges as consisting of external factors, constraints, policy instruments and targets. The need for a modern implementation of the theory of economic policy is motivated by emerging environmental requirements, scarce water, growing demands for domestic use, and ongoing needs to implement existing and potential peace agreements. 相似文献
8.
Tal Nir Alfred M. Bruckstein Ron Kimmel 《International Journal of Computer Vision》2008,76(2):205-216
A novel optical flow estimation process based on a spatio-temporal model with varying coefficients multiplying a set of basis
functions at each pixel is introduced. Previous optical flow estimation methodologies did not use such an over parameterized
representation of the flow field as the problem is ill-posed even without introducing any additional parameters: Neighborhood
based methods of the Lucas–Kanade type determine the flow at each pixel by constraining the flow to be described by a few
parameters in small neighborhoods. Modern variational methods represent the optic flow directly via the flow field components
at each pixel. The benefit of over-parametrization becomes evident in the smoothness term, which instead of directly penalizing
for changes in the optic flow, accumulates a cost of deviating from the assumed optic flow model. Our proposed method is very
general and the classical variational optical flow techniques are special cases of it, when used in conjunction with constant
basis functions. Experimental results with the novel flow estimation process yield significant improvements with respect to
the best results published so far. 相似文献
9.
Iris Binyamin Eitan Grossman Matanel Gorodnitsky Doron Kam Shlomo Magdassi 《Advanced functional materials》2023,33(24):2214368
High-performance polymers are an important class of materials that are used in challenging conditions, such as in aerospace applications. Until now, 3D printing based on stereolithography processes can not be performed due to a lack of suitable materials. There is report on new materials and printing compositions that enable 3D printing of objects having extremely high thermal resistance, with Tg of 283 °C and excellent mechanical properties. The printing is performed by a low-cost Digital Light Processing printer, and the formulation is based on a dual-cure mechanism, photo, and thermal process. The main components are a molecule that has both epoxy and acrylate groups, alkylated melamine that enables a high degree of crosslinking, and a soluble precursor of silica. The resulting objects are made of hybrid materials, in which the silicon is present in the polymeric backbone and partly as silica enforcement particles. 相似文献
10.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of VO2 Polymorphs: Advantages,Challenges and Prospects for the Application of Energy Efficient Smart Windows 下载免费PDF全文
Ming Li Shlomo Magdassi Yanfeng Gao Yi Long 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,13(36)
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a widely studied inorganic phase change material, which has a reversible phase transition from semiconducting monoclinic to metallic rutile phase at a critical temperature of τc ≈ 68 °C. The abrupt decrease of infrared transmittance in the metallic phase makes VO2 a potential candidate for thermochromic energy efficient windows to cut down building energy consumption. However, there are three long‐standing issues that hindered its application in energy efficient windows: high τc, low luminous transmittance (Tlum), and undesirable solar modulation ability (ΔTsol). Many approaches, including nano‐thermochromism, porous films, biomimetic surface reconstruction, gridded structures, antireflective overcoatings, etc, have been proposed to tackle these issues. The first approach—nano‐thermochromism—which is to integrate VO2 nanoparticles in a transparent matrix, outperforms the rest; while the thermochromic performance is determined by particle size, stoichiometry, and crystallinity. A hydrothermal method is the most common method to fabricate high‐quality VO2 nanoparticles, and has its own advantages of large‐scale synthesis and precise phase control of VO2. This Review focuses on hydrothermal synthesis, physical properties of VO2 polymorphs, and their transformation to thermochromic VO2(M), and discusses the advantages, challenges, and prospects of VO2(M) in energy‐efficient smart windows application. 相似文献