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1.
Electromechanical transducers for sensing and actuating disturbances or vibrations have been used in many fields of applications. There have been transducers of different configuration developed for the unidirectional transduction. This paper demonstrates a single element transducer for tri-axial components made of a piezoelectric cylindrical shell. The separation of the tri-axial transductions is achieved by devising a proper electrode arrangement. The structure and the fundamental idea are first presented, and then the numerical analysis by means of the finite element modeling follows, and their characteristics and behaviors are then experimentally verified. 相似文献
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Recent progress in thermal analysis of polymers: experimental techniques and a new aspect of temperature in measurement of material properties
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Thermal analysis has been utilized in polymer research for a long time and its usefulness is widely recognized. High‐performance commercial instruments have driven significant progress in the thermal studies of polymers. On the other hand, new experimental instruments have been developed in laboratories as well. In this paper attention is paid to the latter category. The laboratory‐made instrument focused on the target material and/or phenomena provides data that are not available from other techniques. Experiments using the temperature modulation technique, which has been successfully utilized in laboratory‐made instruments, are introduced in this paper. The temperature modulation technique reveals a new aspect of temperature useful for studies of material properties. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
4.
Soichi Hirota Shuhei Inoue Takahito Inoue Yoshifumi Kawai Yasutaka Wada Takashi Noguchi Yukihiko Matsumura 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2016,33(4):1261-1266
Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) has attracted attention as a technology for utilizing wet biomass. We used a fluidized bed of alumina particles to prevent blockage of a SCWG reactor. A glucose solution was heated in the reactor with and without fluidized alumina particles. In the absence of alumina particles, char particles formed homogeneously in the reactor, but the use of a fluidized bed resulted in accumulation of char particles at the reactor’s exit rather than inside the reactor. Therefore, the fluidized bed was effective at preventing blockage of the reactor. However, the alumina particles did not remove deposits from the reactor’s walls. Instead, the fluidized bed caused larger char particles to form, preventing their adhesion to the reactor’s wall. 相似文献
5.
Construction of an error map of rotary axes on a five-axis machining center by static R-test 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Soichi Ibaraki Chiaki OyamaHisashi Otsubo 《International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture》2011,51(3):190-200
This paper proposes an efficient and automated scheme to calibrate error motions of rotary axes on a five-axis machining center by using the R-test. During a five-axis measurement cycle, the R-test probing system measures the three-dimensional displacement of a sphere attached to the spindle in relative to the machine table. Location errors, defined in ISO 230-7, of rotary axes are the most fundamental error factors in the five-axis kinematics. A larger class of error motions can be modeled as geometric errors that vary depending on the angular position of a rotary axis. The objective of this paper is to present an algorithm to identify not only location errors, but also such position-dependent geometric errors, or “error map,” of rotary axes. Its experimental demonstration is presented. 相似文献
6.
Pd(dibenzylideneacetone)2, when activated in situ with 1 equiv of [CPh3][B(C6F5)4] in the presence of 1 equiv of P(C6H11)3, efficiently catalyzed the addition polymerization and copolymerization of norbornene and its derivatives. Homopolymerization of 5-vinyl-2-norbornene took place regio-selectively with the endo-cyclic double bond to give high-molecular weight polymers, while the exocyclic double bond remained intact so that the resulting polymer had pendent vinyl groups along the polymer chain. In the polymerization of a mixture of the endo-/exo- isomers of 2-methoxycarbonyl-5-norbornene, the endo-isomer was consumed prior to consumption of the exo-isomer, contrary to the well-known tendency in Pd(II)-based catalyst systems. Another notable feature of the present catalytic system was the strong dependency of the molecular weight on the reaction temperature, which was studied in detail for the copolymerization of 2-methoxycarbonyl-5-norbornene with norbornene: we could control the molecular weight without the use of a chain transfer agent. The extracted oligomeric fraction of poly(norbornene) showed the presence of a terminal CC double bond as well as a C6F5 unit that was bound to the first norbornane unit in the polymer chain. 相似文献
7.
Role of zinc compounds on the formation, morphology, and adsorption characteristics of β-FeOOH rusts
To simulate the corrosion of galvanized steel in marine zone, β-FeOOH was prepared by aging the FeCl3 solutions containing ZnCl2 and zinc rusts such as ZnO and zinc hydroxychloride (Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O:ZHC). Adding ZnCl2, ZnO, and ZHC inhibited the crystallization and particle growth of β-FeOOH and the inhibitory effect was in order of ZHC ≈ ZnO > ZnCl2. The adsorption of H2O and CO2 was suppressed by adding ZnCl2, ZnO, and ZHC. These results imply that the rust formed on galvanized steel in marine environment is more compact, amorphous, and hydrophobic in nature which may lead to improve the corrosion resistance. 相似文献
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Yuanbo Liu Soichi Nishiyama Tomohisa Yano 《International journal of remote sensing》2013,34(11):2121-2139
Although change detection algorithms for temporal remote sensing images have been compared using various datasets, there is no general agreement on their performance for separating change and no-change. This study compared image differencing, image ratioing, image regression, and principal component analysis (PCA) from a mathematical perspective. Error analysis showed that no-change pixels with errors are expected to be located within an error zone in bi-temporal space. Bi-temporal space consists of two temporal axes of target pixel values observed successively. All algorithms confine a no-change area to a zone delineating change and no-change pixels in the space. Image ratioing defines a fan-like sector as a no-change area, generally unsuitable for change detection. The other algorithms confine a no-change area to a strip-like zone. Image differencing defines a no-change zone with a fixed slope, leading to its inability to specify flexibly the error zone that varies with different conditions. In the examined case, image regression and standardized PCA (SPCA) achieved the best performance for change detection, followed by PCA, image differencing, and image ratioing. 相似文献
10.
Kensuke Takei Keiichi Tsuto Shigeyuki Miyamoto Junya Wakatsuki 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1985,62(2):341-347
Lauryl sulfate and lauryl ether sulfate obtained by the sulfation of lauryl alcohol and lauryl alcohol ethoxylate are representative
of anionic surfactants and are used as a formable detergent or an emulsifier. For the sulfation of lauryl alcohol and lauryl
alcohol ethoxylate, SO3 gas, it was found that the quality of products was significantly influenced by the reaction conditions. In order to obtain
good quality products we developed a new technology by using a new type of reactor called a “climbing film reactor,” in which
SO3 gas and liquid raw material flow ascendingly. 相似文献