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Soultana Markopoulou Lina Vardouli Fotios Dimitriadis Dimitra Psalla Alexandros Lambropoulos Apostolos Apostolidis 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(22)
To investigate a possible central mechanism of action of Botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) following injection in the bladder, complementary to the acknowledged peripheral bladder effect, we studied changes in the expression of neuropeptides and receptors involved in lower urinary tract function in the spinal cord (SC) and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of normal rats following BoNT/A bladder injection. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into three groups of n = 12, received bladder injections of 2U or 5U OnabotulinumtoxinA (BOTOX®), or saline. Six animals from each group were sacrificed on days 7 and 14. Expression of Tachykinin 1 (Tac1), capsaicin receptor (TRPV1), neuropeptide Y (NPY), proenkephalin (PENK) and muscarinic receptors M1, M2, M3, was evaluated in the bladder, L6-S1 DRG, and SC segments using real-time PCR and Western blotting. Real-time PCR revealed increased expression of NPY in all tissues except for SC, and increased TRPV1 and PENK expression in DRG and SC, whereas expression of Tac1, M1 and M2 was decreased. Less significant changes were noted in protein levels. These findings suggest that bladder injections of OnabotulinumtoxinA may be followed by changes in the expression of sensory, sympathetic and cholinergic bladder function regulators at the DRG/SC level. 相似文献
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Tartaric acid and polyphenols recovery from winery waste lees using membrane separation processes
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Maria Tsivilika Dimitrios Kavvadas Sofia Karachrysafi Katerina Kotzampassi Vasilis Grosomanidis Eleni Doumaki Soultana Meditskou Antonia Sioga Theodora Papamitsou 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(11)
Background: This study aims to investigate the probable lesions and injuries induced in the renal tissue after a cardiac arrest. The renal ischemia–reperfusion model in cardiac arrest describes the effects of ischemia in the kidneys, alongside a whole-body ischemia–reperfusion injury. This protocol excludes ischemic conditions caused by surgical vascular manipulation, venous injury or venous congestion. Methods: For the experimental study, 24 swine were subjected to cardiac arrest. Seven minutes later, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation technique was performed for 5 min. Afterwards, advanced life support was provided. The resuscitated swine consisted one group and the non-resuscitated the other. Tissue samples were obtained from both groups for light and electron microscopy evaluation. Results: Tissue lesions were observed in the tubules, parallel to destruction of the microvilli, reduction in the basal membrane invaginations, enlarged mitochondria, cellular vacuolization, cellular apoptosis and disorganization. In addition, fusion of the podocytes, destruction of the Bowman’s capsule parietal epithelium and abnormal peripheral urinary space was observed. The damage appeared more extensive in the non-resuscitated swine group. Conclusions: Acute kidney injury is not the leading cause of death after cardiac arrest. However, evidence suggests that the kidney damage after a cardiac arrest should be highly considered in the prognosis of the patients’ health outcome. 相似文献
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