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Yasushi Endo Sanae Hoshizaki Kenshiro Fujimoto 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(9):1041-1045
Thirteen synthetic triacylglycerols (TAG) containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were oxidized
in the presence of 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile) (AMVN) and 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH)
as aqueous and nonaqueous radical initiators to investigate the influence of TAG structure and oxidation system on the oxidative
stability of TAG that contain highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA). A 2:1 (mol/mol) mixture of trieicosapentaenoylglycerol
and tripalmitoylglycerol was most susceptible to the AMVN-initiated oxidation among three types of TAG that contained EPA
and palmitic acid (2:1, mol/mol). Compared with 1,2 (or 2,3)-dieicosapentaenoyl-3(or 1)-palmitoylglycerol (EEP) and 1,3-dieicosapentaenoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol
(EPE), the oxidative rate of EEP was somewhat higher. A similar result was obtained for DHA-containing TAG. The oxidative
rate of TAG that contained EPA and palmitic acid (1:2, mol/mol) showed a positive correlation with the amount of EPA in a
single TAG molecule. Moreover, in the nonaqueous system, the oxidative rate of EPA-containing TAG was affected by unsaturation
and carbon chainlength of constituent fatty acids. In the AAPH-initiated oxidation in the aqueous system, the oxidative rate
of TAG with EPA and palmitic acid was higher with the increased quantity of EPA in a single TAG molecule. Also, constituent
fatty acids modified the oxidative rate of EPA-containing TAG in an aqueous system. The glycerol position of EPA and DHA also
affected the oxidative rate of the TAG. EPA and DHA located at the 1,2 (or 2,3)-position of glycerol were more oxidizable
than those at the 1,3-position during AAPH-initiated oxidation. Thus, 1,2(or2,3)-dipalmitoyl-3(or 1)-eicosapentaenoylglycerol
was oxidized faster than 1,3-dipalmitoyl-2-eicosapentaenoylglycerol. These observations suggest that the oxidative stability
of TAG that contain HUFA could be modulated by the oxidation system and TAG structure. 相似文献
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Yongping Huang Sadahiro Tatsuki Choong-Gon Kim Sugihiko Hoshizaki Yutaka Yoshiyasu Hiroshi Honda Yukio Ishikawa 《Journal of chemical ecology》1997,23(12):2791-2802
By means of gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and a series of bioassays, (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11–14:OAc) and (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11–14:OAc) at a ratio of 100:3 were identified as the female sex pheromone of the adzuki bean borer,Ostrinia scapulalis. The average amounts ofZ11–14: OAc andE11–14:OAc in a single sex pheromone gland were 6.6 ± 2.4 ng and 0.2 ± 0.1 ng, respectively. In a wind-tunnel bioassay, the binary blend ofZ11- andE11–14:OAc elicited almost the same male behavioral responses as did virgin females and sex pheromone gland extract. In field trapping experiments, rubber septa impregnated with the binary blend (50 g/septum) attracted more males than virgin females. The sex pheromone ofO. scapulalis thus turned out to be similar to that of theZ-type European corn borer,O. nubilalis, in both components and their ratio. 相似文献
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Andrew Post T.Blaine Hoshizaki Michael D. Gilchrist Susan Brien Michael Cusimano Shawn Marshall 《Accident; analysis and prevention》2015
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Research has been undertaken in order to better understand the characteristics of the injury event and measure the risk of injury to develop more effective environmental, technological, and clinical management strategies. This research used methods that have limited applications to predicting human responses. This limits the current understanding of the mechanisms of TBI in humans. As a result, the purpose of this research was to examine the characteristics of impact and dynamic response that leads to a high risk of sustaining a TBI in a human population. Twenty TBI events collected from hospital reports and eyewitness accounts were reconstructed in the laboratory using a combination of computational mechanics models and Hybrid III anthropometric dummy systems. All cases were falls, with an average impact velocity of approximately 4.0 m/s onto hard impact surfaces. The results of the methodology were consistent with current TBI research, describing TBI to occur in the range of 335–445 g linear accelerations and 23.7–51.2 krad/s2 angular accelerations. More significantly, this research demonstrated that lower responses in the antero-posterior direction can cause TBI, with lateral impact responses requiring larger magnitudes for the same types of brain lesions. This suggests an increased likelihood of sustaining TBI for impacts to the front or back of the head, a result that has implications affecting current understanding of the mechanisms of TBI and associated threshold parameters. 相似文献
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Autoxidation of synthetic isomers of triacylglycerol containing eicosapentaenoic acid 总被引:1,自引:3,他引:1
Yasushi Endo Sanae Hoshizaki Kenshiro Fujimoto 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(5):543-548
Several triacylglycerols (TAG) that contained eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were chemically synthesized and stored at 25°C to
assess the influence of TAG structure on oxidative stability and formation of oxidation products. Oxidative stability was
evaluated by oxygen consumption during storage of the TAG. Autoxidation products of TAG were analyzed by high-performance
liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Results showed that a 2:1 (mole/mole) mixture
of trieicosapentaenoylglycerol (EEE) and tripalmitoylglycerol (PPP) was most susceptible to autoxidation. The oxidative stability
of TAG that contained EPA and palmitic acid was negatively correlated with the moles of EPA in a single TAG molecule. When
TAG with one EPA and two other fatty acids were oxidized, chainlength of constituent fatty acids hardly affected the oxidative
stability of EPA-containing TAG molecules, except for stearic acid. HPLC and LC-MS analyses showed that monohydroperoxides
were major oxidation products regardless of type of TAG. Bis- and tris-hydroperoxides were formed during autoxidation of EEE
and dieicos-apentaenoylpalmitoylglycerol. Monohydroperoxy epidioxides were found in all autoxidized TAG. These observations
suggested that TAG structure affected the oxidation of TAG with highly unsaturated fatty acids. 相似文献
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Yongping Huang Takuma Takanashi Sugihiko Hoshizaki Sadahiro Tatsuki Hiroshi Honda Yutaka Yoshiyasu Yukio Ishikawa 《Journal of chemical ecology》1998,24(12):2079-2088
Geographic variation in the sex pheromone of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), was surveyed in populations sampled at four locations ranging from 39.7°N to 32.9°N in Japan. The sex pheromone of the three northern populations was composed of (E)- and (Z)-12-tetradecenyl acetates with a mean E proportion of 36–39%. The southernmost population (Nishigoshi) had the same components but with a significantly higher E composition of 44%. The frequency distribution of the E ratio in the Nishigoshi population exhibited a small peak near 38% and a major peak near 46%. A family-wise analysis of the sex pheromone of this population confirmed that there were two distinct phenotypes regarding the E ratio. An 46% E strain inhabits southern parts of Japan, in addition to an 38% E strain, which seems to be predominant in other regions of Japan. 相似文献
7.
Huang Y Takanashi T Hoshizaki S Tatsuki S Ishikawa Y 《Journal of chemical ecology》2002,28(3):533-539
Individual analysis of the female sex pheromone of the adzuki bean borer, Ostrinia scapulalis, has shown that the sex pheromone of this species comprised (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11–14:OAc) and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11–14:OAc) at variable blend ratios. The pheromone blend could be tentatively categorized into three types with respect to the proportion of E11–14:OAc: E type (94–100%, median 99.2%), Z type (0–16%, median 3.0%), and intermediate type (I type, 48–85%, median 63.7%). In addition to the identity of components, the blend ratios in the three types were similar to those of the E strain, Z strain, and hybrid of the European corn borer, O. nubilalis, respectively. This finding suggests that two closely related but morphologically distinct species, O. scapulalis and O. nubilalis, share almost the same sex pheromone communication systems. The significance of this similarity in the two sibling species is discussed. 相似文献
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