Void fraction and pressure drop in two-phase liquid metal flows in channels

Experimental results on void fraction and friction pressure drop in vapour-potassium flows in the high-vapour-quality region up to unity are presentéd. The experimental data obtained and the pertinent results of other authors are generalized, and empirical relationship are suggested to calculate void fraction and pressure drop in two-phase liquid metal flows for channels of various configurations and orientations. The relationships are valid within the range of vapour qualities from almost zero to unit. The experimental data prove the mass velocity to have no influence on the hydrodynamic characteristics within the range of the parameters investigated. It is found in the experiments with heat supply that friction pressure losses are smaller than those for adiabatic conditions. It is shown that this result is in good correspondence with the model of the effect of injection in a boundary layer on the value of shear stresses between cases.     

The Properties Difference of the Composites Based on the Float-Glass with the Bilateral Sol-Gel Films Studies

It has been determined the influence of the substrate from the float-glass parties on the composites with the bilateral nano film main optical characteristics (the refractive index and the reflectivity coefficient) and the nano film thickness as the nano photonics element. The composites and the nano films these characteristics dependences on the parties of the float-glass substrate (gas and tin) on which one or double-layers film was drawn at the speed values of 3.8, 5.8 and 17.3 mm/s have been studied. These studies show that the composites properties and the nano films thickness were sensitive both to the film drawing speed and to the float-glass parties (gas or tin) on which these nano films were drawn. These properties of the composites with the nano films drawn from the nitrate and chloride sols are different from each other.     

Chitosan-based fiber-sponge materials as a promising tool for microalgae harvesting from Lake Baikal

Mass eutrophication of microalgae and cyanobacteria is observed in Lake Baikal in the past decade. In this paper, the concept of replaceable adsorption filter material based on chitosan flocculant filler and chlorinated polyvinyl chloride polymer nonwoven material are proposed. Functional and mechanical properties and morphology of the material are investigated depending on a packing density and a degree of chitosan filling. The introduction of 45% chitosan increases the Young's modulus up to 10 times, and it makes the material more rigid in 2.8 times. The high efficiency of sorption and growth inhibition of cumulative biomass culture was shown. The biomass source is taken from the coast of Barguzinsky Bay of Lake Baikal. Dominant species is microalgae of Scenedesmus genus.     

Taking into account the impact of coupling elements on the resonance phenomena in biconical resonators

Investigations of the impact of dimensions of the coupling holes in open and closed biconical resonators on their field structure and resonance properties were performed. A number of concrete results were obtained that specified the extent of rise of the transfer ratio and the distortion of electromagnetic field structure and also the reduction of the resonance frequency and loaded Q-factor under conditions of the increasing size of the coupling holes in biconical resonators. The conditions under which the values of resonance frequency and loaded Q-factor of the open biconical resonator would be only slightly different from values of the same parameters of closed resonator were also obtained.     

Prospects for ferroalloy production in Kazkahstan

World reserves of manganese ore are analyzed, taking account of the growing use of manganese in ferroalloy production in Kazakhstan. Reserves of chromite and titanium ore are also discussed. Measures intended to increase ferroalloy production and to promote the rational use of ore reserves are proposed.