Hot carrier analysis in low-temperature poly-Si thin-film transistors using pico-second time-resolved emission microscope

We have analyzed degradation of N-channel thin-film-transistor (TFT) under dynamic stress using a pico-second time-resolved emission microscope. We have successfully detected emission at pulse fall edge for the first time. Emission intensity increased with the decrease of pulse fall time. As the degradation depended on the pulse fall time, this dependence clearly illustrates that hot electrons are the dominant cause of the degradation under dynamic stress. Based on these dependences, we proposed a model considering electron traps in the poly-Si.     

Molecular cloning of human Frizzled-6

The Frizzled genes encode receptors for WNTs, secreted glycoproteins implicated in development as well as in carcinogenesis. In this paper, we report molecular cloning of Hfz6, the human homologue of Mfz6. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the Hfz6 gene encodes the 706 amino-acid protein with seven transmembrane domains, a cystein-rich domain in the N-terminal extracellular region, two N-linked glycosylation sites, and two cystein residues in the second and third extracellular loops. Hfz6 mRNA 4.4-kb in size was detected in various normal adult and fetal tissues, and a larger amount of Hfz6 mRNA was detected in both fetal lung and fetal kidney. The Hfz6 gene has been mapped to human chromosome 8q22.3-q23.1. In conclusion, we have cloned Hfz6, which encodes a seven-transmembrane receptor with the cystein-rich domain in the N-terminal extracellular region, but without the Ser/Thr-X-Val motif in the C-terminus.     

Inhibitory effect of bifemelane on superoxide generation by activated neutrophils measured using a simple chemiluminescence method

We evaluated the effect of 4-(2-benzylphenoxy)-N-methylbutylamine hydrochloride (bifemelane hydrochloride) on superoxide production by human neutrophils using an MCLA-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Bifemelane hydrochloride dose-dependently inhibited superoxide production by neutrophils stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate, opsonized zymosan, or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, while it had no effect on superoxide production by a hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase system. These results indicate that bifemelane hydrochloride does not have a scavenging effect, but has an inhibitory effect on superoxide generation by neutrophils. Although this drug is commonly used for treating chronic cerebral infarction, it may also have a protective effect on acute ischemia/reperfusion injury.     

二垩英与资源回收-Ⅰ考虑到二垩英生成的资源与能量回收基础研究

目前在日本,存在大量工业垃圾,包括各种塑料制品,ASR(汽车破碎垃圾),含有毒PCB(多氯联苯)的110变压器和PVC(聚氯乙稀)制品等.而来自城市垃圾焚烧炉的废气含有大量能量.因此,在充分考虑环境、避免二垩英生成的同时,安全回收来自工业垃圾、城市和/或工业垃圾焚烧炉的资源和能量是个非常重要的课题,这也将对抑制CO2排放作出贡献.正确地阐明焚烧过程中二垩英的生成机理及详细研究含少量二垩英的焚烧废气在冷却过程中大量形成二垩英的临界温度是项很重要的工作.解决这个问题可有效实现资源和能量的回收.本报告介绍日本在二垩英排放方面目前采取的对策和存在的问题以及大阪大学为阻止二垩英生成所做的基础研究工作.     

Effect of ecabet sodium on Helicobacter pylori adhesion to gastric epithelial cells

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the rates of alcohol-related morbidity and mortality in a cohort of intoxicated ED patients 5 years after presentation and to compare them with those of non-intoxicated ED patients. METHODS: The study group comprised 150 consecutive ED patients who presented with intoxication (blood alcohol level higher than 100 mg/dL) in June 1986 and 50 control patients matched for age, sex, ED arrival time, and date. The setting was an urban university hospital ED. Morbidity and mortality over a 5-year follow-up period were measured using hospital ED and admission records from all state Level I trauma centers and computerized statewide databases. RESULTS: The 5-year mortality rate among alcohol-intoxicated patients was 2.4 times that of the comparison group (95% confidence interval, .3 to 18.9). The 5-year death rate among intoxicated patients aged 40 to 69 years was especially high (19%). Thirty-seven percent of the intoxicated patients made at least one alcohol-related ED revisit during the follow-up period, compared with 6% of the comparison group (P < .001). Intoxicated patients were more likely to revisit EDs because of suicidal behavior or domestic violence (P = .001). Admission to an alcohol detoxification unit during the follow-up period occurred in 24% of the intoxicated patients, compared with 10% of the sober controls (P = .03). At least one arrest for drunk driving occurred in 47% of the intoxicated group; the rate was lower, but still substantial, in the comparison group (20%, P < .001). CONCLUSION: A single alcohol-related ED visit is an important predictor of continued problem drinking, alcohol-impaired driving and, possibly, premature death.     

Reliability of Au bump––Cu direct interconnections fabricated by means of surface activated bonding method

As a room temperature bonding method, surface activated bonding (SAB) method has been introduced to be one of the most appropriate interconnection methods for the next generation of electronic packaging. Thus it is important to study the reliability of SAB interconnection in long term life test.In this paper, interconnections of Au bump and Cu film bonded by SAB method were performed in high temperature thermal aging test. Degradation of properties such as electrical resistance, shear strength of bump and interface microstructure during aging process were studied to investigate the failure mechanism of the interconnection. Intermetallic compound Cu₃Au was found formed at the interface during thermal aging, and it causes evolvement of the properties and failure mode of the interconnection changing in shear test. Results reveal that SAB is suitable for the interconnection between Au bump and Cu film and it is reliable in thermal reliability test.     

Inhibition of natural killer cell cytotoxicity by cell growth-related molecules

Certain MHC class I molecules on target cells are known to inhibit the cytotoxic action of NK cells. By using monoclonal antibody (mAb) Cho-1, we have found inhibitory non-MHC class I cell surface molecules that are noncovalently-associated with 200 kDa and 40 kDa antigens. Poly I-C-induced rat NK cells were not cytotoxic to rat fetus-derived fibroblast WFB cell line. In contrast, NK cells were cytotoxic to H-ras oncogene-induced transformants of WFB, W14 and W31. FACS analysis indicated that mAb Cho-1 reacts with WFB, but not with W14 and W31 cells. Thus, this antigen may disappear concomitantly with cell growth and transformation. Cho-1 antigens were also expressed on other NK-resistant lines, such as mouse BALB3T3 fibroblast, EL-4 lymphoma and human fibroblast HEPM. However, they were not expressed on NK-sensitive mouse YAC-1 and H-ras transformant (Brash) of BALB3T3 cells. Furthermore, treatment of target cells with IFN-gamma clearly induced the cell surface expression of Cho-1 antigens, and conferred a resistance to NK cytolysis on target cells. These data strongly suggest that Cho-1 antigen expression may correlate with target cell susceptibility to NK cells. Indeed, treatment of NK-resistant WFB as well as HEPM cells with F(ab')2 fragments of mAb Cho-1 resulted in the acquisition of susceptibility to NK cytolysis. Cho-1 antigens may be novel molecules that regulate the NK resistance of cells.     

Histo-pathological study of a glass-ionomer/resin (Geristore) restoration system

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate histo-pathologically the pulpal reaction to a glass-ionomer/resin (Geristore) restoration system in human teeth. Black's class I cavities were prepared in 22 human teeth; these were divided into 2 groups, one with the Geristore after cavity was cleaned with 10% NaOCl solution and 3% H2O2 solution (Group G) and the other with the Geristore after the cavity was applied with Mirage-Bond (Group MG). The treated teeth were observed clinically over 90 days after operation. They were then extracted for histological examination. No unpleasant symptoms were noted. A few pathological changes were observed. No histo-pathological score differences were observed between groups G and MG. The average evaluation score of pathological results in both groups G and MG were excellent. Microorganisms observed in the cavity dentin of the group G was fewer than in group MG. In some cases, microorganisms were observed along the dentin walls. In conclusion, the pulpal injury due to this Geristore restoration system was slight, and the system was considered to be safe for the pulp and clinically useful.