Segmented gene conversion as a mechanism of correction of 18S rRNA pseudogene located outside of rDNA cluster in D. melanogaster

INTRODUCTION: Acute scrotum in the pediatric age is mainly related to surgical causes. Spermatic cord torsion and inguinoscrotal hernia must be ruled out first, because of the possible ischemic damage to gonadal tissue and therefore surgery is sometimes performed directly, thus representing also a diagnostic tool. Spermatic cord torsion is found in two age ranges, namely: the neonatal period, where it usually represents the evolution of an intrauterine process, and the peripubertal period, which is more frequent. An unquestionable and prompt diagnosis is particularly needed because of the extreme sensitivity of gonadal tissue to ischemia. In this particular field, color and power Doppler US, depicting gonadal flow, have greatly increased diagnostic imaging capabilities, which were previously limited to B-mode US. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We examined 19 peripubertal patients with the diagnosis of spermatic cord torsion made on the basis of B-mode US and then confirmed with color Doppler. RESULTS: We found two signs which can be considered highly suggestive of spermatic cord torsion: the spiral twist of spermatic vessels and the peculiar extent of reactive hydrocele, caused by the bell clapper anomaly of the vaginal sac. CONCLUSIONS: The above US patterns are very helpful to diagnose spermatic cord torsion.     

基于五粒子团簇态实现四粒子团簇态的概率隐形传态

为实现更经济的四粒子团簇态的概率隐形传输,提出了一种利用五粒子团簇态为量子信道的隐形传态方案.基于解纠缠-隐形传输-重构纠缠方法,发送者在发送信息之前对信息态进行一次控制非门操作和投影测量,将解纠缠的信息发送给接收者.在这个过程中发送者需要进行2次Bell基联合测量和1次单粒子测量,接收者根据发送者的测量结果进行相应操作,得出解纠缠的信息态.引入辅助粒子重构原始的未知信息态,信息传输成功的概率为4|a|2,提出的方案可以很好地应对一般窃听方式.     

High-output thermionic converter based on a metal-oxygen system on the collector

The results of comprehensive experimental investigations of thermionic converters with collectors containing oxygen in an adsorbed near-surface layer and capable of decreasing the barrier index below 2 eV are presented. A vanadium-doped alloy based on chromium, which was investigated in a converter in a pair with different emitters consisting of platinum and single crystal tungsten oriented along the (110) face, was examined as an example of an efficient metal-oxygen system on the collector. The emission-adsorption properties of electrodes and the output electrical characteristics, obtained under working conditions of the converter, as well as surface characteristics of the collector, such as the elemental composition temperature, and others, are described. 6 figures, 21 references. State Science Center of the Russian Federation—A. I. Leipunskii Physics and Power-Engineering Institute. Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 89, No. 1, pp. 39–48, July, 2000.