Design,simulation and analysis of RF MEMS capacitive shunt switches with high isolation and low pull-in-voltage

Microsystem Technologies - This paper presents the design a capacitive shunt type RF-MEMS switch with high isolation, high switching speed and low actuation voltage for Ka-band applications. The...     

Design and analysis of RF MEMS shunt switch for V-band applications

Microsystem Technologies - In this paper, we have designed and simulations of RF MEMS shunt switch. The electro-mechanical and electromagnetic analysis of the switch have been done using COMSOL...     

Mammogram pectoral muscle removal and classification using histo-sigmoid based ROI clustering and SDNN

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Mammograms are the images used by radiologists to diagnose breast cancer. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. The early detection of breast...     

Reduced Maternal Erythrocyte Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Exist in Early Pregnancy in Preeclampsia

The present prospective study examines proportions of maternal erythrocyte fatty acids across gestation and their association with cord erythrocyte fatty acids in normotensive control (NC) and preeclamptic pregnancies. We hypothesize that maternal fatty acid status in early pregnancy influences fetal fatty acid stores in preeclampsia. 137 NC women and 58 women with preeclampsia were included in this study. Maternal blood was collected at 3 time points during pregnancy (16–20th weeks, 26–30th weeks and at delivery). Cord blood was collected at delivery. Fatty acids were analyzed using gas chromatography. The proportions of maternal erythrocyte α‐linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, nervonic acid, and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (p < 0.05 for all) were lower while total n‐6 fatty acids were higher (p < 0.05) at 16–20th weeks of gestation in preeclampsia as compared with NC. Cord 18:3n‐3, 22:6n‐3, 24:1n‐9, MUFA, and total n‐3 fatty acids (p < 0.05 for all) were also lower in preeclampsia as compared with NC. A positive association was observed between maternal erythrocyte 22:6n‐3 and 24:1n‐9 at 16–20th weeks with the same fatty acids in cord erythrocytes (p < 0.05 for both) in preeclampsia. Our study for the first time indicates alteration in maternal erythrocyte fatty acids at 16th weeks of gestation which is further reflected in cord erythrocytes at delivery in preeclampsia.     

Design,Performance Analysis of GaAs/6H-SiC/AlGaN Metal Semiconductor FET in Submicron Technology

Silicon - A unique structure of GaAs/6H-SiC/InGaN metal–semiconductor field-effect transistor has been proposed and demonstrated in this work. The proposed GaAs/6H-SiC/InGaNMetal...     

Fed batch enzymatic saccharification of newspaper cellulosics improves the sugar content in the hydrolysates and eventually the ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The newspaper is comprised of (w w^?1) holocellulose (70.0%) with substantial amount of lignin (16.0%). Bioconversion of the carbohydrate component of newspaper to sugars by enzymatic saccharification, and its fermentation to ethanol was investigated. Of various enzymatic treatments using cellulase, xylanase and laccase, cellulase enzyme system was found to deink the newspaper most efficiently. The saccharification of deinked paper pulp using enzyme cocktail containing exoglucanase (20 U g^?1), β-glucosidase (60 U g^?1) and xylanase (80 U g^?1) resulted in 59.8% saccharification. Among additives, 1% (v v^?1) Tween 80 and 10 mol m^?3 CoCl₂ improved the enzymatic hydrolysis of newspaper maximally, releasing 14.64 g L^?1 sugars. The fed batch enzymatic saccharification of the newspaper increased the sugar concentration in hydrolysate from 14.64 g L^?1 to 38.21 g L^?1. Moreover, the batch and fed batch enzymatic hydrolysates when fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced 5.64 g L^?1 and 14.77 g L^?1 ethanol, respectively.     

Apatite formation on collagen fibrils in the presence of polyacrylic acid

Recently, we reported the formation of bone-like apatite on collagen fibrils by biomimetic method. Compounds containing carboxyl moieties are believed to be effective in the formation of apatite. Polyacrylic acid [-CH2CH(COOH)-]n (PAAc) is widely used in dentistry. In the present study, the effect of PAAc in the formation of apatite from revised simulated body fluid (R-SBF) on collagen fibrils was studied. Two different experimental approaches were tried to study the effect of PAAc present in the collagen and in the R-SBF solution. In the first, collagen gel was soaked with 1 mg/ml PAAc (molecular weights 25000 and 100000) for the time intervals of 30 min and 6 h. The gels were then dried in air and incubated in R-SBF. Characterization of the precipitates formed on the collagen fibrils in gel showed that the formation of apatite was inhibited when soaked in PAAc for 6 h. In the second experiment, when PAAc (0.1 and 1.0 mg/ml) was mixed with R-SBF the microstructure of the precipitates formed on collagen fibrils was affected partially. Hence, it is confirmed that the presence of PAAc in the biomimetic environment of collagen affects the mineralization of apatite.     

Effect of compatibilization on mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene–soy flour composites

A new biobased composite was developed by adding soy flour (SF) to polypropylene (PP). This composite shows an enhanced tensile strength and modulus but decrease in elongation at break. The compatibilizer (coupling agent) appears to have a synergistic effect on tensile strength. The presence of the compatibilizer improves the dispersion of SF in the PP matrix. The addition of glycerol plasticizer to the composite improves the processability resulting in improved performance, as compared to composites without glycerol plasticizer. The optimal compatibilizer content appears to be 6%.     

Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Analysis of Long Cables

A simple finite-difference iterative model is presented here for the nonlinear analysis of a long inclined cable due to its self-weight and other concentrated loads in between. The input requires the end coordinates, area of cross section, modulus of elasticity, and initial tension of the cable. If the ends of the cable are subjected to displacements, the tension in the cable varies nonlinearly and the new deformed shape is computed using an iterative procedure. Unlike finite-element methods, initial cable geometry is not required here, and the method automatically computes the initial geometry even with concentrated loads.