Carbon activity in Fe-, Co-, Ni- and Mn-based melts at 1873 K

A method to determine the first order interaction parameters according to the data of the influence of alloying elements upon the carbon solubility in liquid metals has been developed. The calculated results for iron based melts have been found to be in a good agreement with literature data. The values obtained for Mn-, Fe-, Co- and Ni-based melts at 1873 K have been summarized in the series of linear equations depending on the number of alloying element in the periodical system. Calculated metal activity in binary Me-C (Me = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) melts shows good agreement with literature data.     

Neutrophils Mediate Pulmonary Artery Thrombosis In Situ

Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition, which can result in respiratory insufficiency and death. Blood clots occluding branches of the pulmonary artery (PA) are traditionally considered to originate from thrombi in deep veins (usually in legs). However, growing evidence suggests that occlusion of the vessels in the lungs can develop without preceding deep vein thrombosis (DVT). In this work, we used an inferior vena cava (IVC) complete ligation model of DVT in Wistar rats to explore the possibility and mechanisms of PA thrombosis under the conditions where all routes of thrombotic mass migration from peripheral veins are blocked. We demonstrate that rats both with normal and reduced neutrophil counts developed thrombi in the IVC, although, neutropenia caused a substantial decrease in thrombus size and a shift from fresh fibrin toward mature fibrin and connective tissue inside the thrombus. Massive fibrin deposition was found in the PA branches in the majority of DVT rats with normal neutrophil counts, but in none of the neutropenic animals. Neutrophil ablation also abolished macroscopic signs of lung damage. Altogether, the results demonstrate that thrombi in the lung vasculature can form in situ by mechanisms that require local neutrophil recruitment taking place in the DVT setting.     

Co纳米线阵列的掠入射中子小角散射研究

本文采用掠入射中子小角散射（GISANS）技术,研究了沉积在多孔阳极氧化铝（AAO）模板中的Co磁性纳米线阵列的空间结构,利用计算机软件对GISANS实验进行了理论模拟,并与扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察的结果进行比较。结果表明,GISANS实验结果、GISANS理论模拟结果和SEM实验结果三者相吻合。纳米线直径约为60 nm,纳米线中心平均距离约为121 nm,垂直于样品表面相互平行排列,在样品平面内呈现出二维局域六角有序排布。本工作证明了GISANS实验技术结合计算机理论模拟,是研究纳米线阵列及类似纳米体系的有力手段。     

Propagation of diffuse light in a turbid medium with multiple spherical inhomogeneities

We develop a fast and accurate solver for the forward problem of diffusion tomography in the case of several spherical inhomogeneities. The approach allows one to take into account multiple scattering of diffuse waves between different inhomogeneities. Theoretical results are illustrated with numerical examples; excellent numerical convergence and efficiency are demonstrated. The method is generalized for the case of additional planar diffuse-nondiffuse interfaces and is therefore applicable to the half-space and slab imaging geometries.     

Study of a Helium Film in 10 μm Porous Glass by Torsional Oscillator in Free Decay Mode

Dissipation and superfluid density of a thin helium film (superfluid transition at temperature T_c=0.88 K), placed in 10 m porous glass are studied as a function of oscillation amplitude or AC amplitude at fixed temperatures near superfluid transition. The measurements are performed using a high-Q torsional oscillator in the free decay mode as well as constant drive mode. Results show decreasing superfluid density with increasing velocity and non-monotonic behavior of the dissipation in the film.     

Fluid Mixing for Low‐Power ‘Digital Microfluidics’ Using Electroactive Molecular Monolayers

A switchable electrode, which relies on an indium‐tin oxide conductive substrate coated with a self‐assembled monolayer terminated with an anthraquinone group (AQ), is reported as an electrowetting system. AQ electrochemical features confer the capability of yielding a significant modulation of surface wettability as high as 26° when its redox state is switched. Hence, an array of planar electrodes for droplets actuation is fabricated and integrated in a microfluidic device to perform mixing and dispensing on sub‐nanoliter scale. Vehiculation of cells across microfluidic compartments is made possible by taking full advantage of surface electrowetting in culture medium.