Influence of pre-oxidation on the hot corrosion of Ti3SiC2 in the mixture of Na2SO4-NaCl melts

Polycrystalline Ti₃SiC₂ suffered from serious hot corrosion attack in the mixture of 75wt.%Na₂SO₄ + 25wt.%NaCl melts at 850 °C. In order to improve the hot corrosion resistance of this material, pre-oxidation treatment was conducted at 1200 °C in air for 2 h. A duplex oxide scale with an outer layer of TiO₂ and an inner layer of a mixture of TiO₂ and SiO₂ was formed during the pre-oxidation. Because the outer oxide layer of the pre-oxidation treated specimens could inhibit hot corrosion process, they exhibited good hot corrosion resistance in the mixture of 75wt.%Na₂SO₄ + 25wt.%NaCl melts at 850 °C for 50 h. However, during the hot corrosion the outer layer of TiO₂ would degrade gradually. Once the outer layer damaged, the hot corrosion rate increased sharply, the corrosion behavior was similar to Ti₃SiC₂ corroded under the same conditions. The microstructure and phase compositions of the hot corrosion samples were investigated by SEM/EDS and XRD.     

高压水冷器(E5104)的换热管腐蚀原因分析

应用光学显微镜、扫描电镜能谱和X射线衍射分析对 炼油厂加氢精制装置高压水冷器(E5104)的换热管腐蚀原因进行了分析.结果表明，循环水 中的溶解氧腐蚀导致换热管外壁产生鼓包，最终使鼓包处穿孔，是换热管腐蚀损坏的主要原 因.     

PTA装置中冷凝器壳体腐蚀原因分析及防护对策

对仪征化纤化工厂PTA装置中反应器第一冷凝器E-112 壳体腐蚀状况进行了分析.结果表明，高温高压冷凝液的冲刷是造成E-112壳体腐蚀穿孔的 主要原因，并提出相应防护对策.     

Na2SiO3—KOH—（NaPO3）6溶液中Ti6Al4V微弧氧化陶瓷膜研究

用非平衡交流微弧氧化法于Na2SiO3-KOH-(NaPO3)6溶液中在Ti6Al4V表面形成氧化物陶瓷膜。分别用扫描电镜、电子探针及X射线衍射研究了陶瓷膜的组织形貌、元素分布和相组成。相对致密均匀的膜层主要由TiO2(钙钛矿相及金红石相)及非晶相组成。厚约20μm的膜可分为3层：过渡层、致密层与疏松层。电解液所含元素Si，P进入到膜层中，表明电解液组元急烈参与微弧氧化反应，这为通过选择电解液来设计膜层的相组成进而对膜层进一步改性提供途径。     

HN型催化剂催化α——蒎烯制苎烯的初步研究

本文用ＨＮ型催化剂低温催化α－蒎烯异构化制苎烯，考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂种类对反应结果的影响。实验结果表明在７０℃、反应４ｈ以上，苎烯的选择性仍保持在３５％以上。     

基于两阶段人工鱼群算法的U型渠道断面优化设计

渠道断面优化是控制农田水利工程成本的重要因素,已有的渠道断面优化研究以梯形渠道为主,对U型渠道研究较少。以优化U型渠道深度、圆弧半径和直线段外倾角为目标,建立以U型渠道过水断面面积最小为目标函数、满足设计流量要求的数学优化模型。根据U型渠道水力计算的复杂性,利用引入协调行为的两阶段人工鱼群算法,对渠道断面设计进行优化。优化结果满足边坡稳定等约束条件。将模型应用于连云港市赣榆区黑林镇土地整理项目,10条斗渠过水断面面积均减小,优化后占地面积共减少28.603 m~2,占原占地面积的5.0%。     

Cold Crystallization of PLLA Studied by Simultaneous SAXS and WAXS

Summary: The cold crystallization process of initially amorphous poly(L ‐lactic acid), PLLA, with two different molecular weights, during a heating at 2 °C/min, was investigated by DSC and time‐resolved simultaneous SAXS and WAXS, using synchrotron radiation. Equatorial scans of the isotropic 2D‐SAXS patterns showed that the average Bragg long period (L_B) of PLLA samples was approximately constant with the development of cold crystallization up to a temperature that corresponded to a melt/re‐crystallization process that took place before the nominal melting peak seen by DSC. L_B values were found to be higher for the high molecular weight material. This was in accordance with the higher melting temperature observed in the high molecular weight PLLA that implied the existence of thicker lamellae. WAXS results showed that the molecular weight did not apparently affect the crystal form and the final degree of crystallinity of PLLA. The Avrami parameters from WAXS and DSC were consistent, showing that the non‐isothermal cold crystallization of the two PLLA samples corresponded mainly to a three‐dimensional growth, although an imperfect crystallization process was involved at early times. The crystallization rate of PLLA, observed both by WAXS and DSC, decreased with increasing molecular weight.

SAXS profiles of PLLA2 as a function of temperature. The inset shows the 2D‐SAXS pattern obtained at 180 °C.     

新型包膜尿素的制备及其特性的研究

以桐油为主要成膜物质制备新型包膜尿素。研究结果表明，包膜后尿素颗粒的粒径分布更加均匀，有外密封层时可在包膜尿素表面形成连续致密的包膜，包膜尿素因之获得逐步释放特性。使用溶解率和无土柱淋溶率可以评价包膜尿素的养份释放特性。     

环十二酮肟在硫酸中热效应

使用ＲＤ－１型热导式自动量热计测量了不同温度下环十二酮肟在９８％硫酸中热效应。结果表明：当Ｔ＜３３３Ｋ时，仅产生溶解热效应，３０３Ｋ下溶解热△Ｈ＿（ｓ，ｍ）＝－５１．７ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）（ｍ＝４．２８５ｍｏｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１））；当Ｔ＞３４３Ｋ时发生环十二酮肟重排反应，３９３Ｋ下反应热△Ｈ＿（Ｒ，ｍ）＝－２３１．８ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）（ｍ＝４．９６×１０￣（－３）ｍｏｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１））和△Ｈ＿（Ｒ，ｍ）＝－２３７．０ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）（ｍ＝１．７×１０￣（－２）ｍｏｌ·ｋｇ￣（－１））。