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排序方式: 共有661条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Optimization and Engineering - 相似文献
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The present study was designed to determine if spinal calcium channels, calmodulin, and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II were involved in the production of antinociception induced by cold water swimming stress (CWSS). The effects of intrathecal (i.t.) injection of nimodipine, omega-conotoxin GVIA, calmidazolium, or (S)-5-isoquinolinesulfonic acid, 4-[2-[(5-isoquinolinyl-sulfonyl)methylamino]-3-oxo-3-(4-phenyl-1-piperaz inyl)-propyl]phenyl ester (KN-62) on CWSS-induced antinociception were studied in ICR mice. The antinociception was assessed by the tail-flick test. CWSS produced inhibition of the tail-flick response. Various doses of nimodipine (10-40 ng), omega-conotoxin GVIA (5-40 ng), calmidazolium (10-40 ng), or KN-62 (5-40 ng) injected i.t. alone did not show any antinociceptive effect in the tail-flick test. I.t. pretreatment with omega-conotoxin GVIA, calmidazolium, or KN-62 dose dependently attenuated the CWSS-induced inhibition of the tail-flick response. However, i.t. pretreatment with nimodipine did not affect the inhibition of the tail-flick response induced by CWSS. Our results suggest that spinal N-type calcium channel, calmodulin and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II may be involved in the production of antinociception induced by CWSS. On the other hand, CWSS-induced antinociception appears not to be mediated via the spinal L-type calcium channel. 相似文献
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In a series of experiments, participants were required to keep track of 1 or 2 working memory (WM) objects, having to update their values in 80% of the trials. Updating cost, defined as the difference between update and non-update trials, was larger when 2 objects were involved compared with when there was only 1 object was involved. This finding was interpreted as evidence that the updating process encompasses both objects in WM, even though only 1 of them is actually updated. This feature of WM updating is limited to objects defined as "updateable," throughout the trial sequence. The results are explained by the need to reprogram the phonological loop when updating or the need for desynchronization followed by resynchronization of WM contents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Bar-Anan Yoav; Liberman Nira; Trope Yaacov; Algom Daniel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,136(4):610
A picture-word version of the Stroop task was used to test the automatic activation of psychological distance by words carrying various senses of psychological distance: temporal (tomorrow, in a year), social (friend, enemy), and hypotheticality (sure, maybe). The pictures implied depth, with the words appearing relatively close to or distant from the observer. The participants classified the spatial distance of words faster when the word's implicit psychological distance matched its spatial distance (e.g., a geographically close word was classified faster when it was "friend" than when it was "enemy"). The findings are consistent with the idea that psychological distance is accessed automatically, even when it is not directly related to people's current goals, and suggest that psychological distance is an important dimension of meaning, common to spatial distance, temporal distance, social distance, and hypotheticality. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
7.
If multi-agent learning is the answer, what is the question? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The area of learning in multi-agent systems is today one of the most fertile grounds for interaction between game theory and artificial intelligence. We focus on the foundational questions in this interdisciplinary area, and identify several distinct agendas that ought to, we argue, be separated. The goal of this article is to start a discussion in the research community that will result in firmer foundations for the area.1 相似文献
8.
E. V. Rumyantseva G. A. Vikhoreva N. R. Kil’deeva A. A. Neborako E. Yu. Saraeva L. S. Gal’braikh 《Fibre Chemistry》2006,38(2):98-102
The features of sorption of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions of CuSO4 by granulated chitosan sorbent in static conditions and the different contribution of surface and bulk amino groups in the
sorbent to complexation are discussed. Sorption with freshly formed swollen and maximally amorphized granules with accessible
bulk amino groups can be described by Langmuir’s equation; it attains 5.6 mmole/g of dry sorbent, which is close to the sorption
calculated from the equimolar composition of the amino-copper complex. Sorption of initially dry granules with less accessible
bulk amino groups does not obey Langmuir’s equation due to precipitation of copper hydroxide and hydrosulfate on the surface
of the sorbent.
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Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 11–14, March–April, 2006. 相似文献
9.
Jonathan Wheeler Ángel Galán-Martín Fernando D. Mele Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(4):e17131
The design of sustainable supply chains, which recently emerged as an active area of research in process systems engineering, is vital to ensure sustainable development. Despite past and ongoing efforts, the available methods often overlook impacts beyond climate change or incorporate them via standard life cycle assessment metrics that are hard to interpret from an absolute sustainability viewpoint. We here address the design of biomass supply chains considering critical ecological limits of the Earth—planetary boundaries—which should never be surpassed by anthropogenic activities. Our method relies on a mixed-integer linear program that incorporates a planetary boundaries-based damage model to quantify absolute sustainability precisely. We apply this approach to the sugarcane-to-ethanol industry in Argentina, identifying the optimal combination of technologies and network layout that minimize the impact on these ecological boundaries. Our framework can find applications in a wide range of supply chain problems related to chemicals and fuels production, energy systems, and agriculture planning. 相似文献
10.
Yoav Dan Marina Buzhor Daniel Raichman Eti Menashe Oren Rachmani Elizabeth Amir 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(6):49820
A modular method for functionalization of nonwoven fabrics was developed using a two-step process. In the first step, the fabrics were grafted with a linker molecule, 10-undecenoyl chloride, via esterification, followed by attachment of a functional material under UV irradiation. Perfluorodecanethiol and 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were connected to the linker-modified fabrics using thiol-ene click chemistry. Perfluorodecanethiol modified fabrics exhibited hydrophobicity with water contact angle of about 140° while MPA-modified fabrics were able to lower the pH of a solution by about 1.6. We additionally demonstrated the possibility to connect functional polymers to the linker-modified fabrics by radical graft polymerization of acrylic acid; this produced a thin layer of the polymer on the surface of the fabric. Fabrics modified with poly(acrylic acid) exhibited increased hydrophilicity with water contact angle of 0° for both cotton and viscose-polyester fabrics, while the water absorption capability for polypropylene fabrics increased from about 50 to 1200%. 相似文献