首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   163篇
  免费   1篇
化学工业   26篇
金属工艺   5篇
机械仪表   5篇
能源动力   2篇
轻工业   10篇
无线电   12篇
一般工业技术   69篇
冶金工业   29篇
原子能技术   3篇
自动化技术   3篇
  2022年   1篇
  2021年   2篇
  2018年   1篇
  2016年   1篇
  2015年   1篇
  2014年   5篇
  2013年   6篇
  2012年   4篇
  2011年   4篇
  2010年   5篇
  2009年   5篇
  2008年   6篇
  2007年   5篇
  2006年   2篇
  2005年   1篇
  2004年   11篇
  2003年   6篇
  2002年   5篇
  2001年   7篇
  2000年   5篇
  1999年   4篇
  1998年   12篇
  1997年   10篇
  1996年   7篇
  1995年   7篇
  1994年   4篇
  1993年   7篇
  1992年   7篇
  1991年   3篇
  1990年   2篇
  1988年   3篇
  1987年   4篇
  1986年   2篇
  1985年   1篇
  1984年   1篇
  1982年   2篇
  1981年   2篇
  1980年   1篇
  1978年   1篇
  1976年   1篇
排序方式: 共有164条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Gel-derived titania coating on commercial pure (c.p.) titanium induces hydroxyapatite formation onto its surface from a simulated body fluid (SBF, a metastable calcium phosphate solution). The induced apatite is similar to bone apatite in that it is poorly crystallized, calcium-deficient, and carbonate-containing. Furthermore, the carbonate (CO2–3) groups go into the apatite lattice and lie at the positions of PO3–4 and OH to replace these ionic groups, resembling the (CO2–3) groups of bone apatite. Therefore, the apatite induced by the gel-derived titania is said to be bonelike. A chemical stimulation, stemming from abundant hydroxyl groups and negative charges at the surface of the titania gel, is believed to be responsible for the bonelike apatite induction. The potential of bone-bonding is predicted for the gel-derived titania, for it is an efficient bonelike apatite inducer in the SBF.  相似文献   
2.
3.
Tantalum metal is a candidate for use as an implant material in high load-bearing bony defects, due to its attractive features such as high fracture toughness and high workability. This metal, however, does not have bone-bonding ability, i.e. bioactivity, and therefore the development of bioactive tantalum metal is highly desirable. It is known that the essential prerequisite for an artificial material to show bioactivity is to form a bonelike apatite layer on its surface in the body environment. The same type of apatite layer is formed in a simulated body fluid (SBF) with inorganic ion concentrations nearly equal to those of human blood plasma. The present authors previously showed that the apatite formation on tantalum metal in SBF was remarkably accelerated by treatment with 0.5 M-NaOH aqueous solution and subsequent firing at 300 °C, while untreated tantalum metal spontaneously formed the same apatite after a long soaking period. In the present study, the bonding strength of the apatite layer to the substrate was quantitatively evaluated in comparison with that to the untreated tantalum metal. Adhesive strength was measured as an estimation of bonding strength, and the surface microstructure of both the substrates was characterized in order to discuss the difference in the bonding strength in terms of surface structure. The apatite layer formed on the NaOH- and heat-treated tantalum metal shows higher adhesive strength than that formed on the untreated metal. The amorphous sodium tantalate layer formed on the tantalum metal by NaOH and heat treatments, has a smooth graded structure where its concentration gradually changes from the surface into the interior metal. Smooth graded structure with complex of apatite is constructed after soaking in SBF. The higher bonding strength of the apatite layer formed on the treated metal is attributed to its smooth graded structure.  相似文献   
4.
The effect of the amount of a water-soluble, lactose, on cephalexin (CEX) release from bioactive bone cement consisting of bisphenol--glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA), triethylene-glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) resin and apatite- and wollastonite-containing glass-ceramic (A–W GC) powder was investigated. A–W GC powder containing 5% CEX and lactose powders hardened within 5 min after mixing with bis-GMA/TEGDMA resin, and furthermore its compressive strength was expected to be higher than that of polymethylmethacrylate cement. In vitro CEX release from bioactive bone cement pellets in a simulated body fluid at pH 7.25 and 37°C continued for more than 2 wk. The drug-release rate increased with increasing amount of lactose powder in the mixture. CEX release profiles followed the Higuchi equation in the initial stage, but not in later stages. As hydroxyapatite was precipitated out on the cement surface, the CEX release rate decreased. The micropore distribution of the cements measured by mercury porosimetry also supported the variation in drug release due to cement porosity being mainly a result of the dissolution of lactose in the cements. These results suggest that the rate of CEX release from bioactive bone cement could be controlled by varying the amount of lactose in the cement system. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers  相似文献   
5.
Calcium alginate fibers were prepared by extruding an aqueous sodium alginate solution into an aqueous calcium chloride solution. The fibers were treated with a saturated aqueous calcium hydroxide solution for various periods and their apatite-forming ability was examined in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The calcium alginate fibers were treated with the aqueous calcium hydroxide solution for periods longer than five days formed apatite on their surfaces in SBF, and their apatite-forming ability improved with increasing calcium hydroxide treatment time. The amount of calcium ions released from the fibers also increased with increasing calcium hydroxide treatment time, resulting in acceleration of nucleation and growth of apatite on the fiber surfaces. The resultant apatite-alginate fiber composite is expected to be useful as a flexible bioactive bone-repairing material.  相似文献   
6.
All bioactive materials developed up to 1990 were based on calcium phosphate. It was later revealed that materials that form bonelike apatite on their surfaces in the living body bond to living bone through the apatite layer, and that apatite formation on a material is induced by various functional groups on its surface. Based on these findings, bioactive titanium was prepared by forming sodium titanates on its surface via NaOH and heat treatments, and applied to an artificial total hip joint. Porous titanium metal able to exhibit osteoconductivity as well as osteoinductivity was prepared by forming anatase on its surface via NaOH, HCl and heat treatments. Various bioactive materials with different physical properties are expected to be derived from ceramics, metals and organic polymers by modifying their surfaces with functional groups effective for apatite nucleation.  相似文献   
7.
The density of lipophorin was determined in adult females of Rhodnius prolixus on different days after a meal. Several populations od lipoproteins, differing in density but always in the range of HDL, were found in the hemolymph. The density of the major population was analyzed and a complex profile of density variation was found associated with the principal metabolic events in these insects digestion and oogenesis. During the initial three days after the blood meal, with the onset of the digestive process, the density of lipophorin decreased from 1.1185 g/l to 1.1095 g/l, associated with the transfer of lipids from midgut to the lipophorin particles. During the period of intense vitellogenesis and lipid uptake by the ovary, the lipophorin density started to increase and reached the value, 1.1322 g/l, and remained stable up to the end of oogenesis. As soon as the requirement of lipids to build up the oocytes ceased, the density of lipophorin decreased to its initial value associated with the transfer of lipids from fat body to lipophorin. Soon after the blood meal the midgut was the main source of lipids capable of replenishing the lipophorin particles, while the fat body assumed this function during the succeeding days and reached its maximum capacity around day 10, as estimated by the rate of lipid transfer. The principal lipids transferred were phospholipids and diacylglycerols. Except in the protein/lipid ratio no major changes were observed among different lipids isolated from lipophorin of different densities.  相似文献   
8.
Nanometer-scale roughness was generated on the surface of titanium (Ti) metal by NaOH treatment and remained after subsequent acid treatment with HCl, HNO3 or H2SO4 solution, as long as the acid concentration was not high. It also remained after heat treatment. Sodium hydrogen titanate produced by NaOH treatment was transformed into hydrogen titanate after subsequent acid treatment as long as the acid concentration was not high. The hydrogen titanate was then transformed into titanium oxide (TiO2) of anatase and rutile by heat treatment. Treated Ti metals exhibited high apatite-forming abilities in a simulated body fluid especially when the acid concentration was greater than 10 mM, irrespective of the type of acid solutions used. This high apatite-forming ability was maintained in humid environments for long periods. The high apatite-forming ability was attributed to the positive surface charge that formed on the TiO2 layer and not to the surface roughness or a specific crystalline phase. This positively charged TiO2 induced apatite formation by first selectively adsorbing negatively charged phosphate ions followed by positively charged calcium ions. Apatite formation is expected on the surfaces of such treated Ti metals after short periods, even in living systems. The bonding of metal to living bone is also expected to take place through this apatite layer.  相似文献   
9.
10.
Kokubo  A. 《Spectrum, IEEE》1993,30(8):44-46
The way in which the Japanese use worldwide information gathering to outstrip their western competitors in the technology marketplace is described. The introduction of the 1M DRAM by Toshiba and of superior videotape by several Japanese companies are cited as examples of clever use of technological intelligence. Japanese skill at reverse engineering and their dominant position in consumer electronics are examined. The benefits of openness are discussed  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号