西安市水问题现状分析与节水对策研究

西安市是严重缺水的城市,水资源紧缺已经成为制约其发展的因素之一。本文通过调查研究,对西安市水问题进行了现状分析,并从节约用水、推广使用再生水、开发利用雨水等三个方面提出可行的节水对策。     

Pathogenic Hydrogel? A Novel-Entrapment Neuropathy Model Induced by Ultrasound-Guided Perineural Injections

Entrapment neuropathy (EN) is a prevalent and debilitative condition caused by a complex pathogenesis that involves a chronic compression–edema–ischemia cascade and perineural adhesion that results in excessive shear stress during motion. Despite decades of research, an easily accessible and surgery-free animal model mimicking the mixed etiology is currently lacking, thus limiting our understanding of the disease and the development of effective therapies. In this proof-of-concept study, we used ultrasound-guided perineural injection of a methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-Poly(lactide-co-glycoilide) carboxylic acid (mPEG-PLGA-BOX) hydrogel near the rat’s sciatic nerve to induce EN, as confirmed sonographically, electrophysiologically, and histologically. The nerve that was injected with hydrogel appeared unevenly contoured and swollen proximally with slowed nerve conduction velocities across the injected segments, thus showing the compressive features of EN. Histology showed perineural cellular infiltration, deposition of irregular collagen fibers, and a possible early demyelination process, thus indicating the existence of adhesions. The novel method provides a surgery-free and cost-effective way to establish a small-animal model of EN that has mixed compression and adhesion features, thus facilitating the additional elucidation of the pathophysiology of EN and the search for promising treatments.     

一种基于多属性决策的DDoS防护措施遴选方法

DDoS攻击是网络中最大的威胁之一,选取合适的防护措施,能够更加有效地保护目标网络和目标系统.现有的评价方法对于防护措施选择的指导性不足.针对该问题,首先构建了面向DDoS攻击的防护措施遴选模型(DCSM).在此基础之上,提出基于多属性决策的DDoS防护措施遴选算法.以多属性决策方法综合考虑各方面评估指标;从攻防两方面,以基于历史攻击偏好的方法和熵权法计算重要性权重,消除了传统评价方法中人为指定权重带来的主观性影响.提出的方法为防护措施的选择提供了参考,并通过模拟实验验证了方法的适用性和有效性.     

基于DSP总线的振动传感器信号采集系统设计

以TMS320F2808控制的CAN模块为核心,设计了CAN总线节点模块,以实现对ICP振动传感器的振动信号进行实时检测和处理[1]。通过描述系统的硬件设计原理和软件框架流程,介绍系统的设计和实现方法。该系统能够满足传感器系统对实时性的要求,方便、易携,并且具有可重构性,能够实现不同的算法。     

Using ubiquitous games in an English listening and speaking course: Impact on learning outcomes and motivation

This paper reports the results of a study which aimed to investigate how ubiquitous games influence English learning achievement and motivation through a context-aware ubiquitous learning environment. An English curriculum was conducted on a school campus by using a context-aware ubiquitous learning environment called the Handheld English Language Learning Organization (HELLO). HELLO helps students to engage in learning activities based on the ARCS motivation theory, involving various educational strategies, including ubiquitous game-based learning, collaborative learning, and context-aware learning. Two groups of students participated in the learning activities prescribed in a curriculum by separately using ubiquitous game-based learning and non-gaming learning. The curriculum, entitled ‘My Campus’, included three learning activities, namely ‘Campus Environment’, ‘Campus Life’ and ‘Campus Story’. Participants included high school teachers and juniors. During the experiment, tests, a survey, and interviews were conducted for the students. The evaluation results of the learning outcomes and learning motivation demonstrated that incorporating ubiquitous games into the English learning process could achieve a better learning outcomes and motivation than using non-gaming method. They further revealed a positive relationship between learning outcomes and motivation.     

无刷直流电机专用控制集成电路 MC33035原理及应用

文章介绍了MC33035的功能特点和工作原理，给出了由它组成的三相六步全波电机控制、 H型有刷电机控制和三相闭环控制等三种电机控制电路。     

MIP工艺技术在催化装置的应用

对多产异构烷烃（MIP）工艺技术在中石化集团茂名分公司2＃催化装置的应用、改造后效果以及存在的问题进行了分析，并提出了相应的改进措施。     

一种自适应的基于中心偏置特性的矩形搜索方法

H.264编码标准中为了得到更高的压缩比,针对计算量比较大的运动估计部分,采用了六边形运动估计算法。与全搜索算法相比,六边形算法减少了搜索时间,但是,六边形算法采用了固定的模板及固定的搜素步骤,没有充分的利用到视频图像的中心偏置特性。充分利用视频图像的中心偏置特性,提出了一种新的矩形搜索算法,使搜索具有自适应特性,试验表明,在图像质量保持不变的条件下,该算法的搜索速度大幅提高。     

Antioxidant properties of water extracts from Monascus fermented soybeans

Solid-state bioprocessing of soybean by Monascus is a biotechnological strategy to produce Monascus-fermented soybeans (MFS) with more beneficial components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of cold and hot water extracts from MFS as compared to uninoculated soybeans. With regard to the EC₅₀ values of antioxidant activities, the effectiveness of cold water extracts was in a descending order: soybeans > MFS-31527 > MFS-31499 whereas that of the hot water extracts: soybeans ∼ MFS-31499 > MFS31527. Cold water extracts showed higher reducing power and lower scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals than hot water extracts. For both extracts, MFS and soybeans showed comparable effective chelating abilities on ferrous ions. Total phenols were the major naturally occurring antioxidant components found. For both extracts, soybeans were more effective in antioxidant activity and scavenging ability on DPPH radicals whereas MFS-31499 and MFS-31527 were more effective in reducing power and scavenging ability on hydroxyl radicals. Based on the results obtained, MFS-31499, MFS-31527 and soybeans were relatively effective in the antioxidant properties assayed and might be potential antioxidants for application in food products.     

Apigenin-7-Glycoside Prevents LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Downregulation of Oxidative Enzyme Expression and Protein Activation through Inhibition of MAPK Phosphorylation

Apigenin-7-glycoside (AP7Glu) with multiple biological activities is a flavonoid that is currently prescribed to treat inflammatory diseases such as upper respiratory infections. Recently, several studies have shown that its anti-inflammatory activities have been strongly linked to the inhibition of secretion of pro-inflammatory proteins, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induced through phosphorylation nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways. Additionally, inflammation, which can decrease the activities of antioxidative enzymes (AOEs) is also observed in these studies. At the same time, flavonoids are reported to promote the activities of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) decreased by LPS. The purpose of this study was to assess these theories in a series of experiments on the suppressive effects of AP7Glu based on LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro and acute lung injury in mice in vivo. After six hours of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, pulmonary pathological, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, total polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) cells, cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and AOEs, are all affected and changed. Meanwhile, our data revealed that AP7Glu not only did significantly inhibit the LPS-enhanced inflammatory activity in lung, but also exhibited anti-inflammatory effect through the MAPK and inhibitor NF-κB (IκB) pathways.