概率引导的随机采样一致性算法

为了提高随机采样一致性算法的计算效率,提出一种概率引导的随机采样一致性算法.根据采样模型在原始数据上的检验结果调整每个样本点的采样概率,使得正确样本和正确模型被采样的概率得到提高.在首次获得正确模型之后,样本采样与模型更新构成了一个正反馈环节,经过若干次迭代后,正确样本被采样的概率远超过错误样本被采样的概率.理论分析和实验数据表明,该算法收敛需要的迭代次数较少,有效地提高了随机采样一致性算法的效率.     

连铸保护渣开发状况分析

对连铸保护渣的发展历程进行了详细介绍,对保护渣的渣层结构控制、绝热保温、防止氧化、润滑、改善传热和吸收夹杂物等冶金功能进行了论述,并按生产方式的不同对几种保护渣的加工方式及优缺点进行了分析,对无氟保护渣、超低碳保护渣、彩色保护渣及高铝钢保护渣的研究现状进行了简要介绍。     

基于遗传算法的TOPMODEL参数优化

模型参数的确定是模型研制与应用成功与否的关键．一般采用人工经验率定和自动率定两种方法来确定．遗传算法和一般的优化算法不同,它具有全局寻优能力,是一类优秀的非线性函数优化算法．利用遗传算法来进行TOPMODEL参数优化,并和人工率定的计算结果作了简要的对比,明显地显示该方法的优点．采用遗传算法所得到的精度较高,可以类推到其他水文模型的参数优化中去．     

过渡族金属碳化物在WC-Co硬质合金中的界面偏析与固溶行为

过渡族金属碳化物是最常见的硬质合金微观组织结构与性能调控添加剂,添加剂在硬质合金中赋存状态的研究是WC晶粒生长抑制机理研究的基础,也是硬质合金材料与工艺设计的基础。从基于第一性原理计算的理论研究、基于高分辨透射电镜和原子探针层析法的实验观察分析等2个方面,综述了过渡族金属碳化物在WC/β(钴基固溶体粘结相)相界偏析行为的研究现状。基于过渡族金属碳化物在硬质合金中晶界与相界的偏析行为、在硬质相与粘结相中的固溶行为,讨论了硬质合金中WC晶粒生长机理与晶粒生长抑制机理以及过渡族金属碳化物对硬质合金性能的影响机理,提出了硬质合金材料与工艺设计的建议。     

高压技术在食品工业中的应用研究

研究了常温下高压对不同食品素材的处理情况。从对微生物、维生素、酶、感官等几方面的影响来综合评定高压处理的效果。针对不同的素材设计了不同的处理方法。试验表明，果汁和蔬菜汁经高压处理后可以达到杀菌效果，而且Vc损失很少，残存酶活只有4％，色香味等感官指标不变．其综合效果明显优于热杀菌。动物性食品也能达到杀菌效果，并且产生了前所未有的愉快而独特的风味。     

A 146-mm/sup 2/ 8-gb multi-level NAND flash memory with 70-nm CMOS technology

An 8-Gb multi-level NAND Flash memory with 4-level programmed cells has been developed successfully. The cost-effective small chip has been fabricated in 70-nm CMOS technology. To decrease the chip size, a one-sided pad arrangement with compacted core architecture and a block address expansion scheme without block redundancy replacement have been introduced. With these methods, the chip size has been reduced to 146 mm/sup 2/, which is 4.9% smaller than the conventional chip. In terms of performance, the program throughput reaches 6 MB/s at 4-KB page operation, which is significantly faster than previously reported and very competitive with binary Flash memories. This high performance has been achieved by the combination of the multi-level cell (MLC) programming with write caches and with the program voltage compensation technique for neighboring select transistors. The read throughput reaches 60 MB/s using 16I/O configuration.     

Microstructure development in eutectic Al–Fe alloy during directional solidification under high magnetic fields at different growth velocities

In this study, the Al-1.9 wt.% Fe alloy was directionally solidified at different growth velocities under various high magnetic fields. The effect of high magnetic fields on microstructural evolution of the alloys during directional solidification and their dependence on the growth velocity were investigated. The microstructures near the transition growth regions of the alloys between two different growth velocities were observed. With increasing growth velocity, the microstructure exhibited a eutectic to cellular eutectic to hypoeutectic structure transformation. Applying high magnetic fields increased the spacing of the eutectic Al₃Fe phase and decreased the alignment degree of the eutectic Al₃Fe phase at 1 µm/s, decreased the size of the eutectic cells at 10 µm/s, and promoted development and branching of the primary Al dendrites at 100 µm/s. Near the transition growth region, applying high magnetic fields stopped the growth of existing eutectic Al₃Fe and promoted nucleation of the new eutectic Al₃Fe phase for 1–10 μm/s, and accelerated transformation of the growth behavior from cellular eutectic to hypoeutectic for 10–100 μm/s. The evolution of the eutectic growth behavior caused by the high magnetic fields can be attributed to suppression of convection and the corresponding decrease in solute migration owing to the Lorentz force.

     

箱变坐标系与多元储量计算积分法要点简介

本文简要介绍了作为多元储量计算积分法算法依据的箱变坐标系、变值函数等新型数学方法和二元线性类单元层的基本算法，并对其它多元类算法作了简要提示。本法算法精确、用法简便，适用于一般矿产的各类储量计算和矿山设计、生产与科研及矿业管理中的各类有关问题，更可作为一种基本数学工具广泛用于解决其它行业和领域中的各类有关问题。     

A two-step optimization scheme for maximum stiffness design of laminated plates based on lamination parameters

The purpose of this paper is to propose an effective solution scheme of simultaneous optimization design of layup configuration and fiber distribution for maximum stiffness design of laminated plates. Firstly, a numerical analysis of the lamination parameters feasible region for a laminated plate consisting of various given number of ply groups (each ply group may have different thickness and all the fibers in one ply group are orientated in an identical direction) is carried out, and it is found that the feasible region based on only a few ply groups is very close to the overall one determined by infinite plies. Therefore, it is suggested that the feasible region of lamination parameters of a laminated plate could be approximately determined by the layup configuration of least ply groups. Secondly, a two-step simultaneous optimization scheme of layup configuration and fiber distribution for maximum stiffness design of laminated plates is proposed. Accordingly, by using ply thickness, fiber orientation angle and fiber volume fraction in a laminated plate of least ply groups as design variables, the optimal lamination parameters for maximum stiffness is obtained. Then, taking the optimal lamination parameters as the design objective, a detailed layup design optimization is implemented by considering some limitations on manufacturing, such as preset ply thickness, and specific fiber orientation angle and a limited maximum number of consecutive plies in the same fiber orientation. Numerical examples are also presented to validate the proposed two-step optimization scheme.     

UNIFORMITY OF CHANGE IN POROUS CATALYST ACTIVITY DURING A MULTI-PULSE TAP EXPERIMENT

Uniformity of change in catalyst activity during a multi-pulse TAP experiment with porous catalyst was theoretically analyzed for a TAP reactor with the ratio of the catalyst bed thickness to the reactor length of 1/30. The analysis was performed by simulation of an irreversible adsorption process. The catalyst change is described by the change in the occupied/unoccupied fractional surface coverages. The intraparticle uniformity is indicated by a small magnitude of Δθ _p,max , the maximum difference between the occupied fractional surface coverages at the outermost and the innermost of the catalyst pellet during the multi-pulse experiment. In the interparticle region, the indicating quantity is Δθ _b,max , the maximum difference between the pellet-outermost fractional surface coverages at the inlet and the outlet of the catalyst bed. It was found that Δθ _p,max generally depends only on the effectiveness factor in the first pulse experiment, η. For η ≥ 0.94, Δθ _p,max  ≤ 0.05. In addition, Δθ _b,max depends only on the gas conversion in the first pulse experiment, X. For X ≤ 0.7, Δθ _b,max  ≤ 0.05.