废旧锂离子动力电池回收：从基础研究到产业化

废旧锂离子动力电池回收对解决环境污染以及资源短缺问题具有重要意义。本文基于回收技术和回收市场两个方面,从基础研究到产业化概述了废旧锂离子动力电池回收技术及发展趋势,总结了新型回收技术研究进展,结合国内外废旧电池回收政策,详细分析了我国当前废旧电池回收市场现状及产业化问题,并提出了相应的可行性解决方案。     

仿古铸铁的局部腐蚀和相转移研究

The corrosion behaviors of simulated archaeological iron in solution （0.06 mol·L^-1 NaCl＋0.03 mol·L^-1 Na2SO4＋0.01 mol·L^-1 NaHCO3） simulating soil water composition was investigated by potentialdynamic polarization, constant potential polarization, and simulated occluded cell （O.C.） galvanostatic tests. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, energy dispersive spectrometry （EDS）, and scanning electron microscope （SEM） were used to study the corrosion morphology and the evolution of corrosion product. The objective was to discover the transformation process of archaeological iron, and determine the distribution of chlorinated corrosion products. The results showed that the presence of crevice, cavities, and channels facilitates the localized corrosion under rusts; the autocatalytic effect increases the concentration of Fe^2＋, Cl^-, and SO4^2- , and promotes local acidification within the crevices and cavities. Meanwhile, the phase transformation of corrosion products is concluded to proceed by means of two ways. One is that the ferrous ions are transformed into different kinds of FeOOH via the intermediate Fe（Ⅱ）-Fe（Ⅲ） hydroxyl-salt （i.e. Green Rusts）; the other is that the Fe^2＋ ions are transformed into FeCl2, FeCl3, and orange powders akaganeite at the crevices and cavities.     

土壤介质中HCO-3对仿古铸铁腐蚀的影响

用交流阻抗技术研究了模拟土壤介质中HCO3^-浓度对仿古铸铁腐蚀的影响,并探讨了相关的腐蚀机理。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射和红外光谱等技术分析了仿古铸铁在模拟土壤介质中腐蚀产物的形貌及相组成。结果表明,仿古铸铁在HCO3^-浓度逐渐增大的溶液中的腐蚀速率会随着电极表面产物膜的生成而减缓,当膜破裂时,腐蚀速度会突然变大,随着腐蚀产物沉积在电极表面,腐蚀速度又会减缓。腐蚀产物主要由Fe2（OH）2CO3和α-FeOOH组成,随着HCO3^-浓度的增大,产物中Fe2（OH）2CO3的量逐渐增多,α-FeOOH的量减少。     

水溶性胶黏剂生产废水处理工程实例

针对水溶性胶黏剂生产废水有机物含量较高、水质波动大、难生物降解等特点,采用Fenton氧化+混凝沉淀+UASB+生物滤池的组合工艺对其进行处理。运行结果表明,系统运行稳定,出水COD≤500 mg/L,氨氮≤25 mg/L,SS≤400 mg/L,处理出水达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)的三级标准,COD、氨氮、SS去除率分别为93.6%、56.9%、89.5%,工艺处理成本为6.8元/m^3。     

不锈钢在海洋环境中的环境敏感断裂研究进展

介绍了几种不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂的机理,综述了研究应力腐蚀开裂和氢脆的方法,同时提出了不锈钢环境敏感断裂的控制方法。