Three types of material whose fracture toughness tests were previously performed by using circumferentially notched bars,
namely (1) a dual-phase steel with three different morphologies; (2) an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-wrought alloy; and (3) Al-Si-cast alloys
with three different Si contents, were investigated in terms of accuracy and reliability of the testing method. Also, the
advantages of using circumferentially notched bars for fracture toughness determination of metallic materials were discussed.
With the help of stress concentration factors, which are associated with the bluntness of the notch, correction factors for
the fracture toughness calculations are derived. The corrected fracture toughness values are found to be close to the uncorrected
ones, implying that the testing procedure is reliable. 相似文献
Today, the design of antenna arrays is very important in providing effective and efficient wireless communication. The purpose of antenna array synthesis is to obtain a radiation pattern with a low side lobe level (SLL) at a desired half power beam width in far-field. The amplitude and position values of the array elements can be optimized to obtain a radiation pattern with suppressed SLLs. In this paper, swarm-based metaheuristic algorithms including particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial bee colony (ABC), mayfly algorithm (MA) and jellyfish search (JS) are compared to determine the optimal design of linear antenna arrays. Extensive experiments are conducted on designing 10-, 16-, 24- and 32-element linear arrays by determining the amplitude and positions. Experiments are repeated 30 times due to the random nature of swarm-based optimizers, and statistical results show that the performance of the novel algorithms, MA and JS, is better than that of the well-known PSO and ABC methods.
The influence of duplex surface treatments consisting of a DC-pulsed plasma nitriding process and subsequent coatings of CrN and TiAlN deposited by physical vapor deposition(PVD)on AISI H13 tool steel was studied in this article.The treated samples were characterized using metallographic techniques,SEM,EDS,and microhardness methods.Hydro-abrasive erosion wear tests were performed in a specifically designed wear tester in which the samples were rotated in a wear tank containing a mixture of distilled water and ceramic abrasive chips with a fixed rotational speed.The wear rates caused by the abrasive particle impacts were assessed based on accumulated weight loss measurements.The worn surfaces were also characterized using optical microscopy,SEM,and EDS.Microhardness measurements indicated a significant increase in the surface hardness of the duplex-treated samples.The surfaces of the samples with the TiAlN coating were approximately 15 times harder than that of the untreated samples and 3 times that of the plasma nitrided samples.Hydro-abrasive erosion wear results showed that the duplex surface treatments,especially the CrN coating,displayed the highest erosion wear resistance. 相似文献
Sr-M-type hexagonal ferrites have been prepared via a sol?Cgel route, and the effects of addition of different molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the sol solutions on the static magnetic properties and particle morphology have been studied. Crystalline phases of the samples were determined by XRD analysis. FT-IR and TG analyses were used to prove the presence of PEG on SrFe12O19. The results showed that adding PEG with different molecular weight into the sol solutions affected the formation mechanism of SrFe12O19. Sr-M precursors prepared by various PEG types show different magnetic behaviors after pre-calcination at 150?°C. This discrepancy is explained by the formation of a different phase during the synthesis of SrM particles. 相似文献
In this paper, we present a visionary concept referred to as Collaborative and Cognitive Network Platforms (CCNPs) as a future-proof
solution for creating a dependable, self-organizing and self-managing communication substrate for effective ICT solutions
to societal problems. CCNP creates a cooperative communication platform to support critical services across a range of business
sectors. CCNP is based on the personal network (PN) technology which is an inherently cooperative environment prototyped in
the Dutch Freeband PNP2008 and the European Union IST MAGNET projects. In CCNP, the cognitive control plane strives to exploit
the resources to better satisfy the requirements of networked applications. CCNP facilitates collaboration inherently. Through
cognition in the cognitive control plane, CCNP becomes a self-managed substrate. The self-managed substrate, in this paper,
is defined as cognitive and collaborative middleware on which future applications run without user intervention. Endemic sensor
networks may be incorporated into the CCNP concept to feed its cognitive control plane. In this paper, we present the CCNP
concept and discuss the research challenges related to collaboration and cognition. 相似文献
A new monomer; N-(2-(thiophen-3-yl)methylcarbonyloxyethyl) maleimide (NMT) was synthesized. The chemical structure of the
monomer was characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Electrochemical polymerization of NMT was performed in acetonitrile
(AN)/borontrifloride ethylether (BFEE) solvent mixture (1:1, v/v) where tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBAFB) was utilized
as the supporting electrolyte. The resulting conducting polymer was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy,
thermal analyses and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Electrical conductivity was measured by the four-probe technique.
The spectroelectrochemical behavior and switching ability of P(NMT) film were investigated by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. P(NMT)
revealed color changes between yellow and blue in the reduced and oxidized states respectively. 相似文献
Nanosized strontium hexaferrite (SrFe12O19) has been synthesized by citrate, urea, oxalic, and glycine precursor via a sol-gel route with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a templating agent. Crystal structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and VSM techniques. The formation of strontium hexaferrite and its crystallite size in presence of different fuels were compared. The influence of different fuels was reflected on the phase purity, morphology of the final powders as well as the magnetic properties. Magnetic measurements revealed that samples prepared by citric acid and glycine as fuel have high specific saturation magnetization and moderate coercivity, while urea and oxalic acid fuels resulted in low phase purity, and thus inferior magnetic properties. 相似文献