Synthesis and Characterization of a Bis-Pyrazoline Derivative as Corrosion Inhibitor for A283 Carbon Steel in 1M HCl: Electrochemical,Surface, DFT and MD Simulation Studies

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - The effect of a new synthesized bis-pyrazoline derivative namely: 5,5'-(1,4-phenylene) bis [1?formyl-4,5-dihydro-3-phenyl-1H...     

Spectroscopic analysis of up conversion luminescence in doped halogeno-antimonite glass

The up-conversion emission of Nd³⁺, Sm³⁺ and Er³⁺ has been studied in a new halogeno-antimonite glass with the chemical composition 80 Sb₂O₃ – 10 ZnBr₂ – 10 KCl. Doping concentration was 0.2?mol% of lanthanide (Ln) ions. Rare earths were introduced as fluorides LnF₃ that were further converted into oxides. Main physical properties of base glass were measured, including density, thermal expansion, characteristic temperatures, refractive index and optical transmission. The amount of residual hydroxyls was calculated from the OH absorption band around 3000?nm. The recorded up-conversion emission lines are λ_em =?536?nm for Nd³⁺ pumped at 805?nm; λ_em =?563?nm, 600?nm, 631?nm and 645?nm for Sm³⁺ pumped at 945?nm; λ_em =?531?nm for Er³⁺ pumped at 798?nm. Co-doped glass (0.1 Yb³⁺ + 0.1 Er³⁺) pumped at 980?nm has three emission lines at 524?nm, 545?nm and 650?nm. Corresponding transitions have been identified and the mechanisms ruling the up-conversion process is discussed. They include excited state absorption (ESA), energy transfer (ET) cooperative energy transfer (CET), emission assisted by phonon (EAP), multiphonon relaxation (MR) and cross- relaxation (CR).