THE EFFECT OF FURNACE ATMOSPHERE DUE TO COMBUSTION UPON HYDROGEN CONTENT IN LIQUID STEEL

<正> 在炼钢过程中,炉气中水汽是钢液中含氢的主要来源。就平炉而言,除了空气湿度和炼钢原材料带入炉中的水分以外,还有煤气燃烧生成的水汽。根据过去的研究结果,由于空气湿度直接或间接引起的水汽分压,一般波动于0.01—0.08个大气压之间,而煤气燃烧废气中的水汽分压则经常在0.1个大气压以上,有时甚至可以超过0.2     

DISTRIBUTION OF NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN RIMMING STEEL INGOTS

本文根据鞍山钢铁公司沸腾钢的四种浇铸方案(一般,造渣,模口加盖,模口加盖铸完压板),在非金属夹杂物的类型和分布方面进行了金相的观察。结果指出,各种类型夹杂物都有它分布的特点。在这四种方案所浇铸的钢锭中基本上是一致的;惟在上述后三种操作方法所铸出的钢锭的上部发现沿晶粒间界析出的网状氧化物,可能影响钢锭的质量。文中就各种夹杂物的分布的特点进行了讨论,并对沸腾铜的生产提出了几点建议。     

Fuel combustion test in constant volume combustion chamber with built-in adaptor

Combustion tests of pre-mixture of methane and air in constant volume combustion chamber(CVCC) have been carried out by means of flame propagation photo and gas pressure measurement,the effects of CVCC body temperature,intake pressure of pre-mixture of methane and air,equivalence ratio and location of the built-in adaptor have been investigated.The whole combustion chamber can be divided into two parts,i.e.the upper combustion chamber and the lower combustion chamber,by the built-in adaptor with through hol...     

火电厂多代理控制系统

针对火电厂非线性、多变量和多控制目标的特点,设计了一个火电厂多代理控制系统(PPMACS).在PP MACS中,前馈控制代理(FFCAs)采用神经模糊系统进行决策,反馈控制代理(FBCAs)采用基于遗传算法的模糊系统进行决策.优化任务分解代理(OTDAs)通过一个优化代理和一个分解代理来进行多目标优化分解PPMACS的任务.协调代理根据运行条件协调PPMACS的各个代理.仿真结果显示了火电厂多代理控制系统能够实现火电单元机组的多目标运行和大范围负荷跟踪.神经网络、模糊逻辑和遗传算法是PPMACS中的智能代理进行决策的有效工具.     

Efficiency enhancement of dye-sensitized solar cells with addition of additives (single/binary) to ionic liquid electrolyte

The effect of addition of single and binary additives on the performance of dye-sensitized TiO₂ solar cells based on electrolytes containing an ionic liquid (IL), 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (DMPII) has been studied. Among the seven additives used, the addition of 2-(dimethylamino)-pyridine (DMAP) to IL resulted in best cell efficiency, which showed further enhancement with the addition of 5-chloro-1-ethyl-2-methylimidazole (CEMI) as second additive. The efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) based on an electrolyte containing binary additives (DMAP and CEMI in equal molar ratios) has been found to increase by 62·5% from 4·35 to 7·07%. The dependence of different photovoltaic performance parameters (V _oc, J _sc, ff, η) of DSC upon temperature has been studied over a 30–120°C range and only a small decrease in conversion efficiency has been observed. The electrolyte containing binary additives (DMAP and CEMI) shows best cell performance up to 120°C.     

基于Ti-MgF2金属陶瓷的高效率四层光热转换薄膜的研究

理论上研究了吸收层材料的光学常数,该常数满足从紫外线到近红外波长范围的四层结构的光子-热转换的高效率。通过使用有效介质近似（EMA）模型,复合材料（金属陶瓷）的光学性能与模拟材料的光学性能非常吻合。此外,提出了使用Ti-MgF₂金属陶瓷作为吸收层的具有高光子-热转换效率的四层膜结构,其在300~1 600 nm的波长范围内具有约95.1％的高吸收率。研究结果为实现高效率的光热转换器件提供了新途径,显示了优良的应用前景。     

基于PenTile RGBWTM算法的高像素密度a-Si TFT移动液晶显示屏

采用传统的移动设备设计规则,基于PenTile RGBWTM算法开发了a-Si TFT移动液晶显示屏。将AFFS模式和PenTile RGBWTM算法相结合,制作的TFT液晶屏获得了超过200 cd/ m2的高亮度,500∶1的高对比度,以及达到VGA标准,可以清晰显示互联网网页的高分辨率。     

A SPICE model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a light load

A simple and accurate model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with a light load is presented in this paper. The light-load condition is always needed in integrated circuit manufacturing machines in order to achieve a fast, accurate and minimum overshoot response. The model proposed here can help a designer to specify the controller's specifications and also to verify the hardware of motor drives. The differential equations of the PMSM are handled by the macromodels in PSPICE^TM. Moreover, it is revealed that the PMSM system is operating in a 4-state mode rather than a 2-state mode. Experimental results are provided to verify the simulation results of this model. The heavy load condition is also simulated.     

On a reliable data communication broadcast system

This paper describes the design and implementation of a 3 KHz band HF data broadcast communication system, using a quantized frequency modulation, adaptive lattice equalizer together with forward error correcting code (FEC) to obtain a high link reliability and low error rate. A frequency diversity approach is also used in the selection of the timely best carrier frequency, and a microcomputer is implemented into the system for automatic best carrier acquisition, data transmission and clock synchronization, with minimum operator's attention. Extensive field experiments were conducted and experimental results indicate that the system can achieve, for daytime operation, a link reliability of 87–98%, with a probability of error between 10^?4 to 10^?5, depending upon data rate (50, 75bps) and FECs used. For night time operation, the link reliability reduces to from 65–93% with a probability of error down in the order of 10^?3.     

TFT-LCD制造工艺中金属残留的解决方案

在TFT-LCD阵列的四次掩模技术中,复合层刻蚀是非常难控制的一道工序,最突出的问题是在复合层刻蚀后信号线的两边有金属残留,金属残留会对之后的绝缘层产生影响,导致断层等不良.调整复合层刻蚀工艺是目前解决金属残留问题的通用方法,但是都没有根本地解决这个问题.文章通过研究信号线刻蚀时间对复合层刻蚀后金属残留的影响,认为通过...