Design of a 3-D fully depleted SOI computational RAM

We introduce a three-dimensional (3-D) processor-in-memory integrated circuit design that provides progressively increasing processing power as the number of stacked dies increases, while incurring no extra design effort or mask sets. Innovative techniques for processor/memory redundancy and fast global bus evaluation are described. The architecture can be augmented with a nearest-neighbor physical 3-D communications network that can substantially reduce interconnect lengths and relieve routing congestion. The test chip, with 128 Kb of memory and 512 processing elements (PEs) on two fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (SOI) dies, can achieve a peak of 170 billion-bit-operations per second at 400 MHz.     

An internet of old things as an augmented memory system

The interdisciplinary Tales of Things and electronic Memory (TOTeM) project investigates new contexts for augmenting things with stories in the emerging culture of the Internet of Things (IoT). Tales of Things is a tagging system which, based on two-dimensional barcodes (also called Quick Response or QR codes) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, enables the capturing and sharing of object stories and the physical linking to objects via read and writable tags. Within the context of our study, it has functioned as a technology probe which we employed with the aim to stimulate discussion and identify desire lines that point to novel design opportunities for the engagement with personal and social memories linked to everyday objects. In this paper, we discuss results from fieldwork with different community groups in the course of which seemingly any object could form the basis of a meaningful story and act as entry point into rich inherent ‘networks of meaning’. Such networks of meaning are often solely accessible for the owner of an object and are at risk of getting lost as time goes by. We discuss the different discourses that are inherent in these object stories and provide avenues for making these memories and meaning networks accessible and shareable. This paper critically reflects on Tales of Things as an example of an augmented memory system and discusses possible wider implications for the design of related systems.     

Balancing connectedness and self-protection goals in close relationships: A levels-of-processing perspective on risk regulation.

A model of risk regulation is proposed to explain how low and high self-esteem people balance the tension between self-protection and connectedness goals in romantic relationships. This model assumes that interpersonal risk automatically activates connectedness and self-protection goals. The activation of these competing goals then triggers an executive control system that resolves this goal conflict. One correlational study and 8 experiments manipulating risk, goal strength, and executive strength and then measuring implicit and explicit goal activation and execution strongly supported the model. For people high in self-esteem, risk triggers a control system that directs them toward the situations of dependence within their relationship that can fulfill connectedness goals. For people low in self-esteem, however, the activation of connectedness goals triggers a control system that prioritizes self-protection goals and directs them away from situations where they need to trust or depend on their partner. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Thermal Processes During Mechanical Treatment of ZnO and ZnO-TiO2 Powders and their Role in the Formation of Defect Structure

We used electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) to determine the dependence of the defect structure of zinc oxide powders on the physical characteristics of admixed particles during prolonged mechanical treatment (MT). Our results demonstrate a sequential two-stage thermal process contributing to the defect structure during MT. In the first stage of MT a collective break-up process of individual ZnO particles occurs and the defects are caused by hyper-rapid thermal defects annealing (HRTDA) of the particles. The second stage of defect formation is associated with annealing effects caused by heat accumulation.     

Ultraviolet-induced crosslinking of solid poly(ethylene oxide)

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) of molecular weight from 200,000 to 2,000,000 was crosslinked by exposure to ultraviolet radiation with a high-pressure 150 W mercury lamp. Photochemical crosslinking of PEO proceeds in the presence of photoinitiators such as benzophenone and acetophenone which act as a hydrogen-abstracting agent. Gel fraction yield exceeds 90%, and the number-average molecular weight between crosslinks determined by equilibrium swelling in chloroform varies from 3,000 to 100,000. The degree of crosslinking can be controlled by changing the irradiation temperature. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 2299–2307, 1997     

Microbial quality assessment of household greywater

A monitoring program was undertaken to assess the microbial quality of greywater collected from 93 typical households in Melbourne, Australia. A total of 185 samples, comprising 75 washing machine wash, 74 washing machine rinse and 36 bathroom samples were analysed for the faecal indicator Escherichia coli. Of these, 104 were also analysed for genetic markers of pathogenic E coli and 111 for norovirus (genogroups GI and GII), enterovirus and rotavirus using RT-PCR. Enteric viruses were detected in 20 out of the 111 (18%) samples comprising 16 washing machine wash water and 4 bathroom samples. Eight (7%) samples were positive for enterovirus, twelve (11%) for norovirus genogroup GI, one (1%) for norovirus genogroup GII and another (1%) for rotavirus. Two washing machine samples contained more than one virus. Typical pathogenic E. coli were detected in 3 out of 104 (3%) samples and atypical enteropathogenic E. coli in 11 (11%) of samples. Levels of indicator E. coli were highly variable and the presence of E. coli was not associated with the presence of human enteric viruses in greywater. There was also little correlation between reported gastrointestinal illness in households and detection of pathogens in greywater.     

Vorstellung eines neuartigen Brenners zur Erzeugung von turbulenten, verdrallten Kohlenwasserstoff – Diffusionsflammen

Technische industrielle Verbrennung ist meistens turbulente Verbrennung von Kohlenwasserstoffen in Diffusionsflammen. Die Grundlagenforschung auf diesem Gebiet basiert auf den drei Säulen physikalische Modellierung, numerische Simulationen und Validierung durch Experimente meistens mittels Laserdiagnostik. Es gibt eine lange Historie über die Konstruktion und den Bau von geeigneten Brennern, mit denen turbulente Kohlenwasserstoff Diffusionsflammen erzeugt werden können, die sowohl simuliert als auch vermessen werden können. Von diesen beiden Methoden ausgehend gibt es eine Reihe von Restriktionen bezüglich des endgültigen Designs des Brenners und der Flammen, die untersucht werden sollen. Ein kritischer Aspekt sind dabei die lokalen Ruß- und PAH- Konzentrationen in den Flammen, weil alle spektroskopischen Messtechniken, die für Konzentrationsmessungen verwendet werden müssen, durch Ruß und PAH stark gestört werden. Mit den meisten Brennern, die man bis jetzt verwendet hat, hat man versucht, dieses Problem mit mehr oder weniger Erfolg und mit mehr oder weniger Nachteilen bezüglich anderer Aspekte zu überwinden, indem man Kompromisse einging. Wir haben einen neuartigen Brenner entwickelt, der einige dabei auftretenden Probleme löst und den wir als neuen Testfallbrenner vorschlagen. Mit diesem Brenner werden verdrallte turbulente Diffusionsflammen mit sehr wenig lokalen Ruß- und PAH -Konzentrationen geschaffen. Bis jetzt wurde Methan als Brennstoff verwendet. Die Vor- und Nachteile des Brenners und der Flammen werden in diesem Artikel detailliert diskutiert. Weiterhin werden erste Ergebnisse vorgestellt. Mehr Informationen zu diesen Arbeiten sind zu finden unter: http://www. ltt-rostock.de/text/tmd_vbfltt.htm.Technical and industrial combustion is mostly turbulent diffusion combustion with hydrocarbon fuels. Fundamental research on this field is based on three columns, physical modeling, numerical simulations and validation experiments mostly done by laser diagnostics. There is a long tradition in constructing and building burners that will create turbulent hydrocarbon diffusion flames which can be both, simulated and measured. From these both methods result a number of different requirements for the final design of burner and flames to be investigated. One critical aspect is local soot and PAH concentration within the flames due to the fact, that spectroscopic measurement techniques which have to be used for concentration determination are strongly hampered by soot or PAHs. With most of the burners used so far it has been tried to overcome this problem with more or less success and with more or less disadvantages on other aspects as they tried to make a trade-off. We have developed a new kind of burner which will overcome some problems and which we propose as a new test case burner. It creates swirling turbulent diffusion hydrocarbon flames with very low level of local soot or PAHs. So far we used methane as fuel. The advantages and disadvantages of the burner and flames are discussed in detail within this paper. First results are also reported, more information about this work can be found under http://www.ltt-rostock.de/text/tmd_vbfltt.htm.

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