纳米粒子在分析化学领域的应用进展

本文综述了近三年来发表在美国分析化学杂志Analytical Chemistry上有关纳米粒子研究和应用的文献.简要介绍了通过光谱法、电化学法、荧光标记等方法将纳米粒子应用在分析化学领域的实例,引用参考文献58篇.     

“金鳞石”(锂云母玉)的宝石学特征

采用常规宝石学测试,并结合扫描电子显微镜、偏光显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪、X射线能谱仪、X射线粉末衍射仪、激光拉曼光谱仪等大型仪器,对市场上出现的一种商业俗称“金鳞石”的宝石材料的宝石学特征、矿物组成、化学成分等进行了测试与分析。结果表明,“金鳞石”样品为锂云母玉,其折射率为1.55(点测),摩氏硬度为2~3,相对密度为2.83;红外光谱和拉曼光谱的测试结果表明样品与云母的图谱基本一致;扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示样品为矿物集合体,具有极完全解理,参差状断口,细粒鳞片变晶结构;X射线能谱结果显示样品主要含有Si、Al、K、F、O等;偏光显微镜、X射线粉末衍射分析结果均表明样品主要由锂云母和少量白云母组成,按照《GB/T 16552—2010珠宝玉石名称》相关规定,应定名为锂云母玉。长波紫外荧光下观察锂云母玉样品内部网格状裂隙内的荧光呈强蓝白色,与锂云母玉样品主体弱紫色荧光颜色不一致,显微镜下观察发现裂隙表面的光泽差异明显,伴有密集的气泡群,表明锂云母玉样品经过充填处理。     

纸基电喷雾质谱常态离子源直接测定复杂样品

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful tool for the analysis of complex mixtures. We have developed a new ambient ionization method, named paper spray, to address the need for rapid methods of direct analysis of complex mixtures without sample preparation. Paper spray is applicable to the analysis of a wide variety of compounds, including small organic compounds, peptides, and proteins. Procedures are developed for analysis of dried biofluid spots with whole blood and urine samples. The combination of sample collection from surfaces and paper spray ionization also enables fast chemical screening at high sensitivity. The combination of paper spray with miniature mass spectrometers offers a powerful impetus to wide application of mass spectrometry in non-laboratory environments.     

高效液相色谱-核磁共振联用技术

本文简要地综述了高效液相色谱与核磁共振联用技术,并列举了该技术在药物、天然产物以及异构体研究中的应用.