Differences in Synovial Cytokine Profile Associated with Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis Undergoing Corrective Osteotomy with Platelet-Rich Plasma or Stromal Vascular Fraction Post-Treatments

Functional outcomes and synovial fluid (SF) cytokine concentrations in response to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or stromal vascular fraction (SVF) post-treatments following open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) in 20 patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) were examined. Six weeks after surgery, the knees of 10 patients were injected with autologous PRP (PRP subgroup), while another 10 patients were injected with autologous SVF (SVF subgroup) and monitored for 1.5 years. Pain assessment (VAS score) and functional activity (KOOS, KSS, Outerbridge, and Koshino scores) were applied. PRP subgroup performed better compared with the SVF subgroup according to KOOS, KSS, and VAS scores, while the SVF subgroup demonstrated better results according to Outerbridge and Koshino testing and produced more pronounced cartilage regeneration in the medial condyle and slowed down cartilage destruction in its lateral counterpart. SF was collected before and one week after PRP or SVF injections and tested for concentrations of 41 cytokines (Multiplex Assay). In the PRP subgroup, a significant decrease in IL-6 and CXCL10 synovial concentrations was accompanied by an increase in IL-15, sCD40L, and PDGF-AB/BB amounts. The SVF subgroup demonstrated a significant decrease in synovial TNFα, FLT-3L, MIP-1β, RANTES, and VEGF concentrations while SF concentrations of MCP-1 and FGF2 increased. Both post-treatments have a potential for increased tissue regeneration, presumably due to the downregulation of inflammation and augmentation of synovial growth factor concentrations.     

Inverse Problem of Identifying a Small Defect Based on an Asymptotic Method

Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing - We consider the inverse problem of reconstructing a cavity of small characteristic size in an orthotropic layer based on information about the field of...     

Reconstruction of small cavities in an elastic layer

Reconstruction of the shape of a cavity with small characteristic dimensions in an elastic orthotropic layer is considered in the antiplane and plane configurations. The proposed approach is based on the information on the field of displacements that is measured at the layer boundary. The displacement field was calculated via three methods: the Born approximation, the asymptotic approach, and the boundary-element method. Results obtained via these methods are compared on the basis of numerical experiments.     

6.5 Me V microtron for electron injection in a synchrotron

A discussion is given of the possibility of using a microtron as an external electron injector in a synchrotron. The construction of the equipment is described, and startup results are given for a 6.5 MeV microtron.Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 359–363, April, 1963.