A Robust Approach for Locating and Assessing Mechanical Faults in an Actual Transformer Winding Using the State Space of Its Lumped Equivalent Model

Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing - Transfer function and state-space model are two powerful complementary tools have been used to monitoring the physical system. These two ways can be very...     

A Novel Method to Identification Type,Location, and Extent of Transformer Winding Faults Based on FRA and SMOTE-SVM

Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing - Currently, the adoption of artificial intelligence is an inevitable necessity in diagnosing electrical systems failures, also, frequency response...     

110- to 330-kV substation surge protection against lightning surge coming from transmission lines

A 110- to 330-kV substation protection against lightning surge coming from transmission lines is considered. It is shown that a transmission line always has a critical point, with resonance overvoltage appearing in transformer windings if a lightning strikes at this point. The transformer protection against resonance overvoltages can be implemented using ground wires around the critical point.