Determination of Faulty-Fusion Dimensions in a Cross Section of a Welded Seam by Radiographic Testing

The principles of using radiographic testing for measuring the faulty-fusion depth in a cross section of a welded seam are considered. The results of verification of the technique through examination of artificial and natural flaws are presented and some examples of the technique’s use in manufacturing are shown.__________Translated from Defektoskopiya, Vol. 41, No. 4, 2005, pp. 63–69.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Kruglova, Knyazyuk, Kortov.     

Composition of acid tars from production of oils

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 2, pp. 32–35, February, 1990.     

Structure and properties of 10Γ2ΦБ steel after hot plastic deformation

Recrystallization in 10Γ2ΦgB steel (strength class K60) is investigated. The influence of key parameters of two-stage thermomechanical treatment on the ferrite grain size and the work of impact is shown. Thermomechanical treatment of 10Γ2ΦgB steel intended to improve the strength and viscoplastic properties is tested industrially.     

Effect of vanadium on the precipitation strengthening upon tempering of a high-strength pipe steel with different initial structure

Methods of metallography, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopies were used to study the structure of two pipe steels (without vanadium and with 0.03% vanadium) subjected to γ → α isothermal transformation at temperatures of 400–600°C (initial structure) and tempering at 600–650°C. It has been found that the addition of 0.03% vanadium intensifies the process of the precipitation of ferrite and contributes to the formation of a granular structure. It has been shown that, in high-strength pipe steels with 0.03% vanadium, which have bainitic granular-type structures, the effect of the precipitation strengthening is effected upon subsequent high-temperature tempering at 600–630°; the addition of vanadium leads to an increase in the hardness by 16 HV. In the presence of bainite of the lath type in the initial structure, the subsequent tempering leads to a softening associated with the processes of the recovery, polygonization, and initial stages of recrystallization in situ, which develops at temperatures above 640°C. It has been found that the hardness of the steel without vanadium upon additional tempering decreases regardless of the morphology of structural constituents in the initial structure.     

Synthesis of double pyrophosphates of sodium and chromium for pigmentation of organosilicate coatings

The conditions for synthesis of double pyrophosphate of sodium and chromium in the Cr(NO₃)₃-Na₄P₂O₇-H₂O system have been considered. The characteristic properties of organosilicate coatings of the “polyorganosiloxane-layered hydrosilicate-Cr₂O₃-rutile” composition with a finely dispersed green pigment synthesized have been determined.     

Dynamics of Heating of Fluoride Stock in Manufacture of Optical Fibres

Heating of fluoride stock was analyzed. A module for drawing fluoride stock into optical fibres was developed. The transient responses and transmitting functions of the object of control in “current strength—temperature” and “gas flow—temperature” channels were obtained. The structure of a system for controlling heating of fluoride stock was proposed based on the results of the study.__________Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 16–18, March–April, 2005.